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非凝縮ガス濃度測定装置の開発

Development of measuring apparatus for noncondensable gas concentration

竹本 昌史; 中村 秀夫  ; 大和田 明彦; 大崎 秀機

Takemoto, Masafumi; Nakamura, Hideo; Owada, Akihiko; Osaki, Hideki

加圧水型原子炉のLOCA時には、ECCSの蓄圧タンクから注水が終了した後、同タンクから1次系に加圧用の窒素(N$$_{2}$$)ガスが流入する。ガスは圧力容器の頂部や蒸気発生器などに蓄積されるため、蒸気発生器伝熱管内での凝縮熱伝達が阻害され、蒸気発生器の2次側減圧による1次系の減圧が充分に行えない事態が生じ得る。これらの熱伝達,減圧阻害を解明するためには、蓄積した非凝縮ガスの濃度の定量的な把握が必要とされているがN$$_{2}$$ガスの濃度を直接測定することは難しいため、測定例は見あたらない。このような背景より、ROSA計画大型非定常実験装置(LSTF)の圧力容器や蒸気発生器に蓄積されるガス濃度が直接測定できるようにするため、蓄圧タンクの加圧ガスに空気を用いるとともに、ジルコニア酸素濃度計,タービンメータ等を組合せ,微少流量の高温、高圧状態の蒸気中の酸素濃度が計測できる非凝縮ガス濃度測定装置を開発した。本報では本装置の概要,操作方法等を紹介するとともに、性能確認のため各種条件下で行った酸素濃度測定結果及びLSTFへの適用性について報告する。

Nitrogen (N$$_{2}$$)gas used for the pressurization of accumulator (ACC) tanks may flow into the PWR primary system during LOCAs after the ACC coolant injection is completed. Since N$$_{2}$$ gas may travel to and accumulates in reactor vessel top and U-tubes in steam generators (SGs), primary cooling and depressurization via SG secondary-side depressurization would become ineffective because of the degradation of condensation heat transfer in SG U-tubes. Quantitative measurement of gas accumulation is necessary to clarify the influences of gas onto such degradation in the heat transfer and thus the primary depressurization. However, direct measurement method of non-condensable gas concentration in steam has not been established. An apparatus to directly measure gas concentration in high-temperature steam was developed to measure gas concentration in vessel upper head and SG U-tubes during LOCA experiments using ROSA/LSFT. The developed apparatus is primarily composed of zirconia oxygen sensor and turbine meter, enabling to deal with small amount of steam-gas mixture at high temperature when air is used to pressurize ACC tanks instead of N$$_{2}$$ gas. This report describes the developed apparatus and its operation method with several test results for the confirmation of oxygen gas measurement capability and applicability of the apparatus to the ROSA/LSTF experiments.

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