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非凝縮ガス濃度測定装置のLSTF実験への適用

Application of measuring apparatus for non-condensable gas concentration to LSTF experiment

上脇 忠義; 大和田 明彦; 竹田 武司 ; 中村 秀夫  

Kamiwaki, Tadayoshi; Owada, Akihiko; Takeda, Takeshi; Nakamura, Hideo

加圧水型原子炉(PWR)の冷却材喪失事故(LOCA)時には、非常用炉心冷却系(ECCS)の蓄圧注入系タンクから注水後、加圧用の非凝縮性ガスが一次系に流入する。同ガスが蒸気発生器(SG)伝熱管に蓄積すると凝縮熱伝達が劣化し、SG二次側減圧による一次系冷却の阻害要因となる。一方、PWRのLOCA及び過渡を模擬するROSA計画大型非定常試験装置(LSTF)実験では、非凝縮性ガスが減圧に及ぼす影響を定量的に把握する必要があるため、非凝縮性ガスに空気を用いてジルコニア酸素濃度計により水蒸気中のガス濃度を直接計測する装置を開発してきた。今回、本ガス濃度測定装置をLSTF実験に適用するため、同装置を改良してLSTFに設置するとともに、蓄圧注入系タンクの加圧ガスとして空気を用いた実験を実施し、SG二次側減圧過程においてガスが通過すると思われる圧力容器頂部及びガスが蓄積するSG出口プレナム部の酸素濃度を直接計測した。本報では、本ガス濃度測定装置の改良点などを紹介するとともに、性能確認試験及びLSTFを用いたSG二次側減圧模擬試験で得られた酸素濃度測定結果を報告する。

Non-condensable gas for the pressurization of accumulator (ACC) tanks of emergency core cooling system may flow into the primary system during loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs) in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) after the ACC coolant injection is completed. Since the non-condensable gas may travel to and accumulates in steam generators (SGs) U-tubes, primary cooling and depressurization via SG secondary-side depressurization would become ineffective because of the degradation of condensation heat transfer in SG U-tubes. Since quantitative measurement of gas concentration is necessary to clarify the influences of non-condensable gas on the depressurization in ROSA/LSTF experiments that simulate PWR LOCAs and transients, an apparatus using a Zirconia oxygen sensor has been developed to directly measure the gas concentration in steam by introducing air as the non-condensable gas for the ACC pressurization. This apparatus is improved and applied to LSTF experiments where the gas concentration is measured directly in vessel upper head where gas may pass through with steam and in SG outlet plenum where gas accumulates. This report describes the improvement of the apparatus and the results of oxygen gas measurement characterization tests and the LSTF secondary-side depressurization experiments.

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