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重粒子線治療の全身被ばく線量評価システムRT-PHITS for CIRTの開発

Development of whole-body dose assessment system for carbon ion radiotherapy; RT-PHITS for CIRT

古田 琢哉   

Furuta, Takuya

炭素線治療は従来の放射線治療よりも腫瘍部への線量が集中する優位性を持つが、正常組織での二次的ながんの発生原因となり得る照射を完全に無くすことは困難である。現状の線量評価では治療効果と周辺重要臓器の急性障害の回避を目的に治療部位近傍に限定した評価が行われており、2次発がんなどの副作用に影響する低線量の領域まで評価が行われていない。そこで、重粒子線治療の計画データを基に、重粒子ビーム照射体系を再構築し、PHITSによって、2次粒子の挙動も含めて重粒子線治療を正確に再現するシステムRT-PHITS for CIRTを開発した。このシステムを用いることで、過去に実施された重粒子線治療の患者全身における線量評価が可能で、評価結果を治療後の2次がん発生等の疫学データと組み合わせることで、放射線治療後の副作用と被ばく線量の相関関係を明らかにすることができる。

Carbon ion radiotherapy has an advantage over conventional radiotherapy such that its superior dose concentration on the tumor helps to reduce unwanted dose to surrounding normal tissues. Nevertheless, a little dose to normal tissues, which is a potential risk of secondary cancer, is still unavoidable. In the current dose assessment, however, only assessment around target volume is performed for the tumor control and prevention of acute radiation injury of fatal organs. We therefore developed a system called RT-PHITS for CIRT to reproduce the carbon ion radiotherapy including the production and transport of secondary particles based on treatment planning data using PHITS. Using this system, whole-body dose assessment of patients in the past carbon ion radiotherapy can be performed. By comparing the dose assessment to the epidemiologic records of the patients, the relation between dose exposure of non-target organs and incidence of side effects such as secondary cancer will be elucidated.

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