1F事故の教訓を踏まえた原子力防災の在り方

Nuclear disaster prevention based on lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident

嶋田 和真 ; 永井 晴康  ; 橋本 周  ; 飯本 武志*

Shimada, Kazumasa; Nagai, Haruyasu; Hashimoto, Makoto; Iimoto, Takeshi*

本稿は、日本原子力学会の特集記事「1F事故を経てこれからなすべきことは何か、1F事故の何を次世代に伝えるか」のうち、保健物理・環境科学部会のメンバーが関与してきた原子力防災に関する議論と今後の提案をまとめたものである。原子力学会の事故調査委員会及び日本気象学会の提言を鑑み、UPZ圏内外の住民への避難等の防護措置の意思決定を支援するために放射性プルームの挙動及び住民の避難行動の予測を検討する。住民の放射線被ばくの健康リスク及び倫理的側面を踏まえた防護措置の意思決定及び住民へのリスクコミュニケーションの実践が新たに提案された。

This article is part of the special feature article "What should be done from now on after the 1F accident and what should be conveyed to the next generation after the 1F accident?" of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, which summarizes the discussions and future proposals on nuclear disaster prevention in which the members of the Health Physics and Environment Science Subcommittee have been involved. In view of the recommendations of the Accident Investigation Committee of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan and the Meteorological Society of Japan, the behavior of radioactive plumes and the prediction of residents' evacuation behavior should be studied to support decision-making on evacuation and other protective measures for residents in and outside the UPZ. Furthermore, decision-making on protective measures and practical risk communication to residents based on radiation health risks to residents and ethical aspects are newly proposed.