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滝野 一夫; 大木 繁夫
JAEA-Data/Code 2023-003, 26 Pages, 2023/05
JAEA-Data-Code-2023-003.pdf:1.66MB
次世代高速炉は、従来炉よりも高い炉心取出燃焼度を目指しているため、炉心核設計の高度化が求められる。そのため、燃焼核特性解析では、計算コストを抑えつつ十分な計算精度が得られる適切な解析条件が必要とされる。そこで、次世代高速炉の燃焼核特性の計算精度に及ぼす解析条件の影響を、中性子エネルギー群、中性子輸送理論、空間メッシュに着目して調査した。本検討では燃焼核特性として、平衡サイクルにおける臨界性、燃焼反応度、制御棒価値、増殖比、集合体単位の出力分布、最大線出力、ナトリウムボイド反応度、ドップラー係数を取り扱った。検討の結果、エネルギー群を18群とし、拡散近似を用いて1集合体あたり6メッシュ分割して、エネルギー群、空間メッシュ、輸送効果の補正係数を適用することが最適であることが分かった。
毛利 哲也; 永沼 正行; 大木 繁夫
Nuclear Technology, 209(4), p.532 - 548, 2023/04
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)高速炉燃料サイクルが実用化され長期間使用された後の遠い将来におけるフェーズアウトの段階において、燃料サイクル内に存在するPuやMAを多重リサイクルにより低減できる高速炉燃焼炉心の概念を検討した。多重リサイクルによってPuやMAは高次化する。高次化によりナトリウムボイド反応度が増加するとともにドップラ係数が減少することで炉心の成立性に影響を及ぼす。これに対し炉心の扁平化,燃焼度引き下げ、さらに被覆管及びラッパ管への炭化ケイ素(SiC)材導入という3つの反応度係数改善策を取り入れることで成立性のある炉心概念を見出した。特に、SiC構造材による中性子スペクトルの軟化は反応度係数の改善だけでなくPuやMAの高次化を間接的に緩和する効果もあることが確認された。これらにより本燃焼炉心はPuとMAが大幅に減少するまで、例えば原子力発電設備容量30GWeを起点としたフェーズアウトシナリオを仮定した場合は初期のインベントリの約99%を消費するまで、多重リサイクルを継続することが可能となった。高速炉は、自ら生み出したPuや長寿命のMAを最小化できる自己完結型のエネルギーシステムになる可能性がある。高速炉は、将来の環境負荷低減のための重要な選択肢の一つとなり得る。
高野 和也; 大木 繁夫; 堂田 哲広; 近澤 佳隆; 前田 誠一郎
Proceedings of 2023 International Congress on Advanced in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2023) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2023/04
MOX燃料炉心の固有安全性を向上させるため、一般的に400W/cm程度の線出力密度を100W/cm及び50W/cmに低減させた、小型ナトリウム冷却高速炉を設計した。当該炉に対し、原子炉停止系機能喪失(ATWS)事象として、炉心流量喪失時原子炉停止機能喪失(ULOF)事象を想定した過渡解析を行い、冷却材最高温度及び被覆管累積損傷和(CDF)の観点から固有安全性を評価した。その結果、固有安全性が成立する線出力密度の設計範囲を明らかにした。
高野 和也; 大木 繁夫; 小澤 隆之; 山野 秀将; 久保 重信; 小倉 理志*; 山田 由美*; 小山 和也*; 栗田 晃一*; Costes, L.*; et al.
EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies (Internet), 8, p.35_1 - 35_9, 2022/12
日仏高速炉協力を通じ、仕様共通化タンク型高速炉に係る技術検討を進めている。仏実証炉ASTRID600の設計をベースに、ODS鋼被覆管を用いた高燃焼度化炉心や自己作動型炉停止機構といった日本の高速炉実用化に向けた技術の実証が可能である見通しを得た。また、コアキャッチャ等により炉容器内事象終息を目指すASTRID600におけるシビアアクシデント緩和策は、日本における安全設計方針とも整合している。ASTRID600をベースに仕様共通化を図ることで両国の炉心燃料及び安全設計分野の高速炉技術の実証に有用であることを示した。
田中 正暁; 堂田 哲広; 横山 賢治; 森 健郎; 岡島 智史; 橋立 竜太; 矢田 浩基; 大木 繁夫; 宮崎 真之; 高屋 茂
第26回動力・エネルギー技術シンポジウム講演論文集(インターネット), 5 Pages, 2022/07
原子力イノベーションにおいて民間で実施される多様な炉システムの概念検討への支援を目的とし、既往知見を最大限活用した設計最適化や安全評価を実現するAI支援型革新炉ライフサイクル最適化手法「ARKADIA」の開発を開始した。その一部として、設計基準事象までを対象に開発している「ARKADIA-Design」によって実現する、炉心及び炉構造分野での設計検討、並びに保守・保全計画立案に関わる最適化プロセスの具体化検討について報告する。
大島 宏之; 森下 正樹*; 相澤 康介; 安藤 勝訓; 芦田 貴志; 近澤 佳隆; 堂田 哲広; 江沼 康弘; 江連 俊樹; 深野 義隆; et al.
Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors; JSME Series in Thermal and Nuclear Power Generation, Vol.3, 631 Pages, 2022/07
ナトリウム冷却高速炉(SFR: Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor)の歴史や、利点、課題を踏まえた安全性、設計、運用、メンテナンスなどについて解説する。AIを利用した設計手法など、SFRの実用化に向けた設計や研究開発についても述べる。
大釜 和也; 原 俊治*; 太田 宏一*; 永沼 正行; 大木 繁夫; 飯塚 政利*
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(6), p.735 - 747, 2022/06
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：31.61(Nuclear Science & Technology)A metal fuel fast reactor core for high efficiency minor actinide (MA) transmutation was designed by loading silicon carbide composite material (SiC/SiC) which can improve sodium cooled fast reactor (SFR) core safety characteristics such as sodium void reactivity worth and Doppler coefficient due to neutron moderation. Based on a 750 MWe metal fueled SFR core concept designed in a prior work, the reactor core loading fuel subassemblies with SiC/SiC wrapper tubes and moderator subassemblies was designed. To improve the reactor core safety characteristics efficiently, three layers of SiC/SiC moderator subassemblies were loaded in the core by replacing 108 out of 393 fuel subassemblies with the moderators. The reactor core with approximately 20 wt% MA-containing metal fuel satisfied all safety design criteria and achieved the MA transmutation amount as high as 420 kg/GWe-y which is twice as high as that of the axially heterogeneous core with inner blanket and upper sodium plenum, and two-thirds of that of the accelerator-driven system.
横山 賢治; 丸山 修平; 谷中 裕; 大木 繁夫
JAEA-Data/Code 2021-019, 115 Pages, 2022/03
JAEA-Data-Code-2021-019.pdf:6.21MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2021-019-appendix(CD-ROM).zip:435.94MB
原子力機構ではこれまでにも高速炉用統合炉定数を作成してきているが、高速炉用統合炉定数ADJ2017の改訂版となるADJ2017Rを作成した。統合炉定数は、高速炉の核設計基本データベースに含まれる臨界実験解析等で得られるC/E値(解析/実験値)の情報を、炉定数調整法により実機の設計に反映するためのものであり、核データの不確かさ(共分散)、積分実験・解析の不確かさ、臨界実験に対する核データの感度等の情報を統合して炉定数を調整する。ADJ2017Rは、基本的にはADJ2017と同等の性能を持つ統合炉定数であるが、ADJ2017に対して追加検討を行い、以下の二つの点について見直しを行った。一つ目は実験起因不確かさの相関係数(以下、実験相関係数)の評価方法の統一化である。実験相関係数の評価で用いる共通不確かさの評価方法に二つの方法が混在していたことが分かったため、すべての実験データについて実験相関係数を見直し、評価方法を統一した。二つ目は炉定数調整計算に用いる積分実験データについてである。Am-243サンプルの燃焼後組成比の実験データの一つに、実験不確かさが他に比べて極端に小さく不確かさ評価に課題がある可能性が高いことが分かったため、当該実験データを除外して炉定数調整を行った。なお、ADJ2017の作成では、合計719個の核特性の解析結果に対する総合評価を行い、最終的に620個の積分実験データを採用していたが、ADJ2017Rの作成では一つ除外したので、最終的に採用した積分実験データは619個となる。どちらの見直しについても炉定数調整計算結果に与える影響は小さいが、不確かさ評価方法の説明性や積分実験データとの整合性が向上したと考えられる。
滝野 一夫; 杉野 和輝; 大木 繁夫
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 162, p.108454_1 - 108454_7, 2021/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：16.35(Nuclear Science & Technology)A Japanese next-generation fast reactor core design adopts the reaction rate ratio preservation (RRRP) method for control rod homogenization with a super-cell model in which a control rod is surrounded by fuel assemblies. An earlier study showed that the RRRP method with the conventional super-cell model could estimate the control rod worth (CRW) of a 750-MWe large fast reactor core within the analytical uncertainty of 1.5%. The estimation of radial power distribution (RPD) tends to have relatively large analytical uncertainty especially for large fast reactor cores with the control rods inserted. In order to eliminate the radially-dependent analytical uncertainty of CRW and RPD, this study evaluated and refined the surrounding fuel assemblies of the super-cell model for all control rods in the RRRP method. This refinement significantly decreased the radially-dependent analytical uncertainty: the analytical uncertainty of CRW and RPD were reduced to less than 0.13% and 0.35%, respectively.
滝野 一夫; 杉野 和輝; 大木 繁夫
Proceedings of Joint International Conference on Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications + Monte Carlo 2020 (SNA + MC 2020), p.92 - 96, 2020/10
Japanese next-generation fast reactor core design adopts the reaction rate ratio preservation (RRRP) method for control rod homogenization with a super-cell model in which a control rod is surrounded by fuel assemblies. The former studies showed the RRRP method with a super-cell model could estimate the control rod worth (CRW) of a 750-MWe large fast reactor core within the analytical uncertainty of 1.5%. It turned out afterwards that a radially-dependent analytical uncertainty remained in the CRW estimation, which also affected the estimation of radial power distribution (RPD) in the control-rod inserted core. Fortunately, those effects were negligible for smaller fast reactor cores. In order to eliminate the radially-dependent analytical uncertainty of CRW and RPD for large fast reactor cores, this study refined the super-cell model in the RRRP method with the help of Monte-Carlo simulation.
大釜 和也; 太田 宏一*; 大木 繁夫; 飯塚 政利*
Proceedings of 2019 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2019) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2019/05
A neutronics design study for a mixed oxide (MOX) fuel Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) core partially loading highly concentrated Minor Actinide (MA) containing fuel was conducted. To analyze preferable loading positions of highly concentrated MA-containing metal fuel, the characteristics of heterogeneous MA loading cores were evaluated assuming the amount of MA loaded to heterogeneous cores were same as that of a reference homogeneous 3% MAcontaining MOX fuel core. The cores loading MA-containing metal fuel could meet the design limitation of the sodium void reactivity of the SFR except for the one loading MA-containing metal fuel in the core center region. Based on these results, the core design was modified to maximize amount of MA transmutation. The modified core loading 60 subassemblies of 16% MA-containing metal fuel in the outermost region could attain the largest amount of MA transmutation, which was larger by about 60% than that of the reference homogeneous MOX fuel core.
大釜 和也; 大木 繁夫; 北田 孝典*; 竹田 敏一*
Proceedings of 21st Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference (PBNC 2018) (USB Flash Drive), p.942 - 947, 2018/09
A core concept of minor actinides (MAs) transmutation with improved safety was designed by applying sodium plenum and axially heterogeneous configuration. In this study, heterogeneous MA loading methods were developed for the core concept to explore the potential of further improvement of MA transmutation amount and "effective void reactivity" which was introduced by assuming the axial coolant sodium density change distribution for the unprotected loss of flow accident. By investigating characteristics of heterogeneous cores loading MA in different radial or axial positions, preferable MA loading positions were identified. The core loading MA in the radial position between inner and outer core region attained the largest MA transmutation amount and lowest maximum linear heat rate (MLHR) among heterogeneous cases. The lower region of the core was beneficial to improve the effective void reactivity and MLHR maintaining the nearly same MA transmutation amount as that of the homogeneous core. The radial blanket region was also useful to increased MA transmutation amount without deterioration of the effective void reactivity.
滝野 一夫; 杉野 和輝; 横山 賢治; 神 智之*; 大木 繁夫
Proceedings of 2018 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2018) (CD-ROM), p.1214 - 1220, 2018/04
Since next-generation fast reactors aim to achieve a higher core discharge burn-up than that of the conventional ones, nuclear design methods need to improve. In this study, we investigated the effect that the analytical conditions exhibit on the accuracy of estimations of the burn-up nuclear characteristics of next-generation fast reactors. Suitable analytical schemes and conditions that maximize the estimation accuracy, while maintaining a low computational cost, were investigated in this study. We performed core burn-up survey calculations under several analysis conditions. Furthermore, we calculated the criticality, burn-up reactivity, control rod worth, breeding ratio, assembly-wise power distribution, maximum linear heat rate, sodium void reactivity, and Doppler coefficient for the equilibrium operation cycles. The accuracy of the low-cost calculations was evaluated by measuring the agreements with the referential detailed conditions.
大釜 和也; Aliberti, G.*; Stauff, N. E.*; 大木 繁夫; Kim, T. K.*
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 4(3), p.16-00592_1 - 16-00592_9, 2017/06
Under the cooperative effort of the Civil Nuclear Energy R&D Working Group within the framework of the U.S.-Japan bilateral, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have been performing benchmark study using the Japan Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) design with metal fuel. In this benchmark study, core characteristic parameters at the beginning of cycle were evaluated by the best estimate deterministic and stochastic methodologies of ANL and JAEA. The results obtained by both institutions show a good agreement with less than 200 pcm of discrepancy in the neutron multiplication factor, and less than 3% of discrepancy in the sodium void reactivity, Doppler reactivity, and control rod worth. The results by the stochastic and deterministic approaches were compared in each party to investigate impacts of the deterministic approximation and to understand potential variations in the results due to different calculation methodologies employed. Impacts of the nuclear data libraries were also investigated using a sensitivity analysis methodology.
上出 英樹; 阪本 善彦; 久保 重信; 大木 繁夫; 大島 宏之; 神山 健司
Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles; Next Generation Nuclear Systems for Sustainable Development (FR-17) (USB Flash Drive), 10 Pages, 2017/06
東日本大震災以降、日本におけるナトリウム冷却高速炉の開発において安全性の強化、特にシビアアクシデント対策が重要な視点となっている。本論文ではこれらの点での設計ならびに研究開発の進捗を報告する。崩壊熱除去系の強化では炉心損傷事故時の対応を含む多様性、信頼性の向上、熱流動評価手法にかかる研究が行われている。炉心損傷事故時の溶融燃料の挙動について、国際協力を含む炉内試験、炉外試験、基盤的研究が行われ、シビアアクシデントの発生防止の観点での炉心設計改良が進んでいる。
前田 誠一郎; 大木 繁夫; 大塚 智史; 森本 恭一; 小澤 隆之; 上出 英樹
Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles; Next Generation Nuclear Systems for Sustainable Development (FR-17) (USB Flash Drive), 10 Pages, 2017/06
安全性、環境負荷低減、経済競争力等の幾つかの目標を狙って、日本において次世代高速炉の研究が行われている。安全面では炉心損傷事故での再臨界を防止するため、FAIDUS(内部ダクト付燃料集合体)概念が採用されている。放射性廃棄物の量及び潜在的放射性毒性を低減するために、マイナーアクチニド元素を含むウラン・プルトニウム混合酸化物(MOX)燃料が適用される。燃料サイクルコストを低減するために、高燃焼度燃料が追及される。設計上の工夫によって様々な設計基準を満足する炉心・燃料設計の候補概念が確立された。また、原子力機構においてMA-MOX燃料の物性、照射挙動が研究されている。原子力機構では特にMA含有した場合を含む中空ペレットを用いた燃料ピンの設計コードの開発を進めている。その上、原子力機構では高燃焼度燃料のために酸化物分散強化型フェライト鋼製被覆管の開発を進めている。
大釜 和也; 池田 一三*; 石川 眞; 菅 太郎*; 丸山 修平; 横山 賢治; 杉野 和輝; 長家 康展; 大木 繁夫
Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 10 Pages, 2017/04
Detailed model verification & validation (V&V) and uncertainty quantification (UQ) procedure for our deterministic neutronics design methodology including the nuclear library JENDL-4.0 for next generation fast reactors was put into shape based on a guideline for reliability assessment of simulations published in 2016 by the Atomic Energy Society of Japan. The verification process of the methodology was concretized to compare the results predicted by the methodology with those by a continuous-energy Monte Carlo code, MVP with their precise geometry models. Also, the validation process was materialized to compare the results by the methodology with a fast reactor experimental database developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency. For the UQ of the results by the methodology, the total value of the uncertainty was classified into three factors: (1) Uncertainty due to analysis models, (2) Uncertainty due to nuclear data, and (3) Other uncertainty due to the differences between analysis models and real reactor conditions related to the reactor conditions such as fuel compositions, geometry and temperature. The procedure to evaluate the uncertainty due to analysis models and uncertainty due to nuclear data was established.
大釜 和也; Aliberti, G.*; Stauff, N. E.*; 大木 繁夫; Kim, T. K.*
Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2017/04
Under the cooperative effort of the Civil Nuclear Energy R&D Working Group within the framework of the U.S.-Japan bilateral, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have been performing benchmark study using the Japan Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) design with metal fuel. In this benchmark study, the atomic number densities and core characteristics at the end of cycle were evaluated by the best estimate deterministic methodologies of ANL and JAEA. The atomic number densities of plutonium isotopes calculated by both institutions showed a good agreement with less than 0.5% of discrepancy, except for the atomic number density of Pu-241. The atomic number densities of americium and curium isotopes showed less than 6% of discrepancy. The results of core characteristics at the end of cycle obtained by both institutions showed a reasonably good agreement with less than 400 pcm of discrepancy on the neutron multiplication factor, and less than 3% of discrepancy on the sodium void reactivity, Doppler reactivity, and control rod worth. A burnup sensitivity analysis was employed to identify the major factors of the difference in the calculated atomic number densities at the end of cycle.
Stauff, N. E.*; 大釜 和也; Aliberti, G.*; 大木 繁夫; Kim, T. K.*
Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 10 Pages, 2017/04
Within the framework of the U.S.-Japan bilateral, the Civil Nuclear Energy R&D Working Group (CNWG), a core design study was conducted by ANL and JAEA. Its objective was to compare the core performance characteristics of metal-fueled Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFRs) developed with different design preferences: JAEA preferred a loop-type primary system with high coolant temperature, while ANL targeted a pool-type primary system with a conventional coolant temperature. The comparative core design study was conducted based on the 3530 MWth Japan Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) metallic-fuel core concept. This study confirms that both metal fueled SFR core concepts developed by ANL and JAEA based on different design preferences and approaches are viable options.
大釜 和也; 太田 宏一*; 生澤 佳久; 大木 繁夫; 尾形 孝成*
Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2017/04
Under the collaborative research of Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), the metal fuel core concept has been studied. In this study, a 750 MWe sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) with metal fuel designed in a past/precedent study was reevaluated considering the irradiation behaviors of metal fuel such as axial elongation and bond-sodium redistribution, which have significant impacts on the core characteristics such as the multiplication factor and sodium void reactivity worth. The result of reanalysis indicated that the sodium void reactivity worth of the core became higher than that evaluated in the past study, so the redesign of the core was performed to improve the sodium void reactivity worth. To redesign the core, correlations of the sodium void reactivity worth and the dimension of the core and fuel subassemblies was investigated by survey calculations. Based on the results, specifications of the redesigned core were selected. The characteristics of the redesign core were evaluated. To verify the deterministic calculation results, the core characteristics of the redesign core were compared with those by a contentious-energy Monte Carlo simulation with precise geometry modeling, which can provide reference solutions. The both calculations agreed well, and the improvements of core characteristics of the redesign core were verified.
