Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy measurements and molecular dynamics simulations reveal the hydration structure of the radium(II) ion

山口 瑛子; 永田 光知郎*; 小林 恵太; 田中 万也; 小林 徹; 谷田 肇; 下条 晃司郎; 関口 哲弘; 金田 結依; 松田 晶平; et al.

iScience (Internet), 25(8), p.104763_1 - 104763_12, 2022/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104763

ラジウム(Ra)は環境汚染やがん治療の観点から注目を集めている元素である。しかし、安定同位体が存在せず扱いが難しいことから、物理化学的に重要な水和構造さえも原子レベルでの観測が行われていない。本研究では、世界で初めて、広域X線吸収微細構造(EXAFS)法を用いたRa水和構造の解明を行った。また、第一原理計算による水和構造解明も実施し、実験ではわからない水分子のダイナミクスの解明を行った。両者の比較も行ったところ、実験と計算の結果はよく一致し、Raの第一水和圏における配位数や酸素との距離を解明した他、アナログ元素であるバリウムに比べて水分子の配位が弱いことがわかった。これらはRaの環境挙動解明やがん治療開発等に資する結果である。

Prediction of Double-heavy Tetraquarks Bound States in Quark Model

Meng, Q.*; 肥山 詠美子; 保坂 淳; 岡 眞; Gubler, P.; Can, K. U.*; 高橋 徹*; Zong, H. S.*

Few-Body Systems, 62(4), p.79_1 - 79_5, 2021/12

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-021-01665-6

Bound states of double-heavy tetraquarks are studied in a constituent quark model. Two bound states are found for isospin and spin-parity in the channel. One is deeply bound and compact made of colored diquarks, while the other is shallow and extended as a molecule. The former agrees well with lattice QCD results. A systematic decrease in the binding energy is seen by replacing one of the heavy quarks to a lighter one. Altogether we find ten bound states. It is shown for the first time that hadrons with totally different natures emerge from a single Hamiltonian.

もんじゅ模擬燃料集合体製造に係る技術報告

榊原 博; 青木 伸廣; 武藤 雅祐; 小田部 隼; 高橋 謙二*; 藤田 直幸*; 檜山 和彦*; 鈴木 宏和*; 鴨川 敏幸*; 横須賀 徹*; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2020-020, 73 Pages, 2021/03

JAEA-Technology-2020-020.pdf:8.26MB

高速増殖原型炉もんじゅでは、現在、廃止措置が進められており、その第一段階として、炉心に装荷している燃料を取り出す工程がある。炉心の燃料集合体は、エントランスノズルが炉心支持板の連結管に挿入され自立しており、周辺の集合体によりパッド部を介して支え合い炉心体系を維持する構造となっている。そのため、燃料を取り出した場所に模擬燃料集合体を装荷し、燃料集合体を安定させる必要があった。このような背景を受け、もんじゅ炉心燃料集合体の製造経験のあるプルトニウム燃料技術開発センターへ、もんじゅ側から模擬燃料集合体の製造依頼があり、製造を行った。この報告書は、装荷する模擬燃料集合体の設計、製造、出荷について報告するものである。

Stable double-heavy tetraquarks; Spectrum and structure

Meng, Q.*; 肥山 詠美子*; 保坂 淳; 岡 眞; Gubler, P.; Can, K. U.*; 高橋 徹*; Zong, H. S.*

Physics Letters B, 814, p.136095_1 - 136095_6, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136095

Bound states of double-heavy tetraquarks are studied in a constituent quark model. Two bound states are found for isospin and spin-parity in the channel. One is deeply bound and compact made of colored diquarks, while the other is shallow and extended as a molecule. The former agrees well with lattice QCD results. A systematic decrease in the binding energy is seen by replacing one of the heavy quarks to a lighter one. Altogether we find ten bound states. It is shown for the first time that hadrons with totally different natures emerge from a single Hamiltonian.

Charmed baryon spectrum from lattice QCD near the physical point

Bahtiyar, H.*; Can, K. U.*; Erkol, G.*; Gubler, P.; 岡 眞; 高橋 徹*

Physical Review D, 102(5), p.054513_1 - 054513_18, 2020/09

AA2020-0041.pdf:2.4MB

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.054513

格子QCDによる第一原理計算を用いて、正負パリティのチャームバリオンの基底および励起状態のスペクトルを求めた。チャームクォークを1個, 2個あるいは3個含むバリオンの正および負パリティ状態の質量を、第一原理計算から求めることで、これまでの実験データや模型計算結果との比較を行い、その物理的な意味を解析することが可能となる。今回の計算では、パイオンの質量が観測値に十分近い物理点に近い領域で、2+1フレーバーのゲージ配位を用いた解析を行った。ディラック行列などの配置の異なる複数の演算子を用意し、その交差相関関数を計算し、固有値を求める方法により、基底状態と励起状態のスペクトルを計算した。

Microstructural features and ductile-brittle transition behavior in hot-rolled lean duplex stainless steels

高橋 治*; 渋井 洋平*; 徐 平光; Harjo, S.; 鈴木 徹也*; 友田 陽*

Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 4(1), p.16_1 - 16_15, 2020/03

https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs4010016

The characteristics of texture and microstructure of lean duplex stainless steels with low Ni content produced through hot rolling followed by annealing were investigated locally with electron backscatter diffraction and globally with neutron diffraction. Then, the ductile-brittle transition (DBT) behavior was studied by Charpy impact test. It is found that the DBT temperature (DBTT) is strongly affected by the direction of crack propagation, depending on crystallographic texture and microstructural morphology; the DBTT becomes extremely low in the case of fracture accompanying delamination. A high Ni duplex stainless steel examined for comparison, shows a lower DBTT compared with the lean steel in the same crack propagating direction. The obtained results were also discussed through comparing with those of cast duplex stainless steels reported previously (Takahashi et al., Tetsu-to-Hagane, 100(2014), 1150).

Spectrum of the charmed baryons in 2+1-flavor lattice QCD

Can, K. U.*; Bahtiyar, H.*; Erkol, G.*; Gubler, P.; 岡 眞; 高橋 徹*

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 26, p.022028_1 - 022028_5, 2019/11

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.26.022028

格子QCDによる第一原理計算を用いて、チャームバリオンの基底および励起状態のスペクトルを求めた。

Evaluation of thermal strain induced in components of NbSn strand during cooling

諏訪 友音*; 辺見 努*; 齊藤 徹*; 高橋 良和*; 小泉 徳潔*; Luzin, V.*; 鈴木 裕士; Harjo, S.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 28(3), p.6001104_1 - 6001104_4, 2018/04

https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2018.2793190

NbSn strands, whose properties are very sensitive to stress/strain, are utilized for ITER cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) of the central solenoids. The NbSn strands experience temperature range of 1000 K from the temperature of the heat treatment with the initiation of the NbSn reaction to the operation temperature of 4 K. Due to this large temperature range, large thermal strain is induced in the NbSn filaments due to the differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion and Young's moduli of the components of the strand. Therefore, it is considered that initial performance of the CICC is influenced by the thermal strain on the NbSn, and it is important to evaluate the strain state of the NbSn strand at low temperature. In this study, the thermal strain of the components of free NbSn strand was measured by neutron diffraction and stress/strain state was assessed from room temperature to low temperature. As the results of diffraction measurements, it was found that 0.111 % and 0.209 % compressive strain were generated in NbSn filaments at 300 and 10 K, respectively.

transition in lattice QCD

Bahtlyar, H.*; Can, K. U.*; Erkol, G.*; 岡 眞; 高橋 徹*

Physics Letters B, 772, p.121 - 126, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.06.022

電磁遷移の形状因子を格子QCDを用いて計算した。

Flavor structure of baryons from lattice QCD; From strange to charm quarks

Gubler, P.*; 高橋 徹*; 岡 眞

Physical Review D, 94(11), p.114518_1 - 114518_16, 2016/12

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.114518

baryons of spin-parity or with either a strange or charm valence quark are studied in full 2+1 flavor lattice QCD. Multiple SU(3) singlet and octet operators are employed to generate the desired single baryon states on the lattice. Via the variational method, the couplings of these states to the different operators provide information about the flavor structure of the Lambda baryons. We make use of the gauge configurations of the PACS-CS collaboration and chirally extrapolate the results for the masses and SU(3) flavor components to the physical point. We furthermore gradually change the hopping parameter of the heaviest quark from strange to charm to study how the properties of the baryons evolve as a function of the heavy quark mass. It is found that the baryon energy levels increase almost linearly with the quark mass. Meanwhile, the flavor structure of most of the states remains stable, with the exception of the lowest state, which changes from a flavor singlet to a state with singlet and octet components of comparable size. Finally, we discuss whether our findings can be interpreted with the help of a simple quark model and find that the negative parity states can be naturally explained as diquark excitations of the light u and d quarks.