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Battulga, B.; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Nakanishi, Takahiro; Koarashi, Jun
Science of the Total Environment, 849, p.157758_1 - 157758_11, 2022/11
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：38.08(Environmental Sciences)Characterizing plastic-associated biofilms is key to the better understanding of organic material and mineral cycling in the "Plastisphere"-the thin layer of microbial life on plastics. In this study, we propose a new method to extract biofilms from environmental plastics, in order to evaluate the properties of biofilm-derived organic matter through stable carbon (
C) and nitrogen (
N) isotope signatures and their interactions with radionuclides especially radiocesium (
Cs). After ultrasound-assisted separation from the plastics, biofilm samples were successfully collected via a sequence of syringe treatments. Biofilm-derived organic matter samples (14.5-65.4 mg) from four river mouths in Japan showed Cs activity concentrations of 
75 to 820 Bq kg
biofilm (dw), providing evidence that environmental plastics, mediated by developed biofilms, serve as a carrier for Cs in the coastal environment. Significant differences in the (C and N signatures were also obtained for the biofilms, indicating the different sources, pathways, and development processes of biofilms on plastics.
Idomura, Yasuhiro
Europhysics Conference Abstracts (Internet), 45A, 4 Pages, 2021/06
This work presents the impacts of the hydrogen isotope mass and the normalized plasma size on confinement of hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) plasmas dominated by ion temperature gradient driven turbulence. Numerical experiments of H and D plasmas with ion and electron heating conditions were conducted using the Gyrokinetic Toroidal 5D full- f Eulerian code GT5D. The energy confinement time in the ion heated numerical experiments was almost independent of isotope mass, and the energy confinement was determined mainly by the normalized plasma size or the plasma size divided by the ion gyro radius, indicating an impact of non-local transport. On the other hand, the electron heated numerical experiments showed a clear isotope mass dependency. In addition to the plasma size effect, the isotope mass dependency of the collisional energy transfer from electrons to ions changes the ion heat flux and the turbulence intensity, leading to the degradation of confinement in H plasmas. These results qualitatively agree with the hydrogen isotope scaling in experiments.
GeIwamoto, Osamu; Herman, M.*; Mughabghab, S. F.*; Oblozinsk
, P.*; Trkov, A.*
AIP Conference Proceedings 769, p.434 - 437, 2005/05
Entirely new evaluations for all the Ge isotopes, from thermal energy to 20 MeV, has been performed with focus on photon production. In the resonance region, parameters were improved considerably compared to earlier evaluations. In the fast region, code EMPIRE-2.19 was used. Validation was done against photon data on Fe and Nb. Isotopic evaluations for Ge were summed up and compared with available measurements on natural Ge. Various quantities related to photon production, showing strong dependence on neutron incident energy, are discussed.
OTanigawa, Hisashi; Tanaka, Satoru*; Enoeda, Mikio; Akiba, Masato
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 329-333(2), p.1291 - 1294, 2004/08
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：29.17(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)In order to elucidate the interaction of hydrogen isotopes with irradiation defects, infrared absorption spectroscopy was conducted for a single crystal of LiO. Using FT-IR, O-D stretching vibration from the bulk LiO was observed under deutron irradiation. Under and after the irradiation, several peaks were observed in the O-D stretching vibration region and these peaks had different dependence on conditions of the irradiation. From the observed behaviour of the peaks, it was suggested that most of the irradiated deutron existed in LiO without O-D bonding because of interaction with the defects.
decay of unstable praseodymium isotopes: 
Pr, 
Pr and the new isotope 
PrOsa, Akihiko; Asai, Masato*; Koizumi, Mitsuo; Sekine, Toshiaki; ; *; Yamamoto, Hiroshi*; Kawade, Kiyoshi*
Nuclear Physics A, 588, p.185C - 190C, 1995/00
Times Cited Count：24 Percentile：76.79(Physics, Nuclear)no abstracts in English
9, 1994, Tokai, JapanJAERI-Conf 94-004, 187 Pages, 1994/11
no abstracts in English
Okuno, Kenji; *; Ohira, Shigeru; Naruse, Yuji
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 28(6), p.509 - 516, 1991/06
no abstracts in English
*; *; *; ; ; Ono, Shinichi; Saeki, Masakatsu; Tachikawa, Enzo
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 60, p.3835 - 3842, 1987/00
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：43.75(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)no abstracts in English
; ; J.R.Bartlit*; R.H.Sherman*
Fusion Technology, 10, p.137 - 148, 1986/00
no abstracts in English
; ;
Fusion Technology, 10, p.462 - 473, 1986/00
no abstracts in English
Fusion Technology, 9, p.492 - 498, 1986/00
no abstracts in English
Fujie, Makoto; *; *; *
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 23(4), p.330 - 337, 1986/00
Times Cited Count：46 Percentile：96.4(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
;
JAERI-M 85-157, 19 Pages, 1985/10
no abstracts in English
*; Ozawa, K.; ;
JAERI-M 84-093, 59 Pages, 1984/05
no abstracts in English
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 21(4), p.299 - 307, 1984/00
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：51.22(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
; Saito, Keiichiro; Shiba, Koreyuki
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 20(5), p.439 - 440, 1983/00
Times Cited Count：53 Percentile：99.42(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
; Konishi, Satoshi; Naruse, Yuji
Nucl.Technol./Fusion, 3, p.471 - 484, 1983/00
no abstracts in English
*; ; Murakami, Yoshio
JAERI-M 82-037, 48 Pages, 1982/04
no abstracts in English
-raysOmer, M.; Shizuma, Toshiyuki*; Hajima, Ryoichi*; Angell, C.*
no journal, ,
An elastic scattering experiment has been performed using 100% linearly polarized -rays generated by laser Compton backscattering at Duke University, NC, USA. Photons of energy of 2 MeV elastically scattered off uranium target were measured with high-purity Ge detectors. The results are used in the simulation study to improve the sensitivity of identifying isotopes by nuclear resonance fluorescence. Validation of the elastic scattering cross section of a polarized -rays is reported.
Battulga, B.; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Koarashi, Jun
no journal, ,
Plastic debris has been recognized as one of the carriers of hazardous substances in the aquatic ecosystem due to its ubiquitous distribution and potential interaction with pollutants through developed biofilms. In this study, we aimed to extract biofilms from the environmental plastics using a newly developed extraction method and to determine the concentration of radiocesium (Cs) and stable isotope ratios (C and N) in the extracted biofilm samples. Visible plastics were collected from the mouths of coastal rivers in Ibaraki prefecture, Japan, and applied to the extraction procedures. After plastic and biofilm separation with ultrasonication, biofilm samples were collected by the two ways: freeze-drying (15.5-44.4 mg); and freeze-drying after syringe treatment (14.5-65.4 mg). The XRD diffractograms of biofilm samples confirmed that biofilms obtained by freeze-drying only were still heterogeneous and the agglomerations of organic substances, mineral particles, and small microplastics (MPs, 1 mm). The results also demonstrated that biofilm extraction was achieved by syringe treatment separating the mineral and small MPs particles, resulting in homogenous biofilms from the surface of plastics. Preliminarily results of Cs activity concentrations in heterogenous (ranging from 0.22 to 0.54 Bq g) and homogenous (0.82
0.04 Bq g) biofilm samples revealed that MPs serve as a carrier for Cs in the coastal river environment mediated by developed biofilms.
Battulga, B.; Nakayama, Masataka; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Koarashi, Jun
no journal, ,
Plastic debris in the aquatic environment has become a growing concern due to their long-term ecological consequences. The current study is focused on microbial community composition on microplastics (MPs; sizes 5 mm) and characteristics of MP-associated biofilms in coastal river environments of Japan in order to understand the impact of MP-associated biofilms on aquatic organic matter cycling. The aims of the current study are i) extraction and characterization of microbial biofilms on MPs and ii) identification of diversity and composition of microbial communities on MP surfaces and in surrounding surface waters and sediments. The samples were collected from two coastal rivers during 2021-2022 on a seasonal basis. In this study, we proposed a new method to extract biofilms from MPs using ultrasound-assisted syringe treatment for isotopic analysis. Morphotypes of MPs and associated specific microbial taxa as well as seasonal differences were also observed.
