潜熱蓄熱円筒カプセルの融解特性に及ぼす実効熱伝導率の影響に関する研究

Study on effect of effective thermal conductivities on melting characteristics of latent heat storage capsules

椎名 保顕; 稲垣 照美*

Shiina, Yasuaki; Inagaki, Terumi*

潜熱蓄熱の蓄熱媒体を多孔体金属に含浸させた複合蓄熱体について、実効熱伝導率が融解特性に及ぼす影響を解析的に調べ以下の結論を得た。解析で想定した蓄熱媒体はOctadecane,水,LiCO,NaCl,多孔体金属は銅,アルミニウム,炭素鋼である。(1)複合蓄熱体の実効熱伝導率を向上させることにより融解時間を減少させることができることを示した。蓄熱媒体の熱伝導率が低いほど、また、伝熱流体の熱伝達率が高いほど融解時間の減少率は大きくなる。(2)Stが小さい場合に、融解時間を表す近似解析結果を求め、数値解析結果とよく一致することを示した。(3)複合蓄熱体を用いるとフィンの場合より数倍から十倍程度相変化時間を短縮できる可能性がある。(4)非一様熱伝達率を用いた場合と、一様熱伝達率を用いた場合の融解時間の差はたかだか10%程度であり、一様熱伝達率を用いても大きな誤差は生じない。

In order to reduce phase change time in latent heat technology, improvement of effective thermal conductivity of heat storage unit would be one of the techniques. Effect of effective thermal conductivity on melting time are studied analytically of circular composite heat storage capsules made by immersing phase change materials (PCM) into porous metals. Numerical and approximate analysis were made with the consideration of uniform and non-uniform heat transfer coefficients around the cylindrical surface. Four PCMs (HO,Octadecane, LiCO, NaCl) and three metals (copper, aluminum and carbon steel) were selected specific materials. Porosity of the metals were restricted larger than 0.9 in order to lessen decrease in latent heat. Results show that reduction in melting time was obtained for the above PCMs, especially for low conductivity PCMs. Melting time obtained by approximate analysis agrees well with numerical analysis. High Nusselt number and high thermal conductivity of heat transfer fluid would be more effective to reduce phase change time.