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放射線を利用した環境浄化技術

Environment purification technology using ionizing radiation

小嶋 拓治

Kojima, Takuji

微細フィルタや活性炭による除去,高温下の触媒を用いた分解などの従来技術では困難である、排煙や廃水に極微量含まれる環境汚染物質の浄化には、放射線を利用した環境保全技術が有用である。ここでは、石炭燃焼火力発電所排煙からのNO$$_x$$やSO$$_2$$の除去(脱硝脱硫),焼却炉からの排出ガス中のダイオキシンの分解,換気ガス中の有害揮発性有機化合物,農業廃棄物の再利用などへの放射線の応用の例を紹介する。

The radiation technologies for environment conservation are useful for purification of pollutants contained in flue gas or wastewater at very low concentration which is difficult to perform by conventional methods: removal using fine filter or charcoals and decomposition using catalysis at high temperature, etc. This paper reviews some examples of radiation application to removal of SO$$_2$$ and NO$$_x$$ from coal-combustion flue gases, decomposition of dioxin in gas emitted through the incinerator, decomposition of gaseous toxic volatile organic compounds in off gas, reuse of agricultural wastes.

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