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${it TRANSPARENT TESTA 19}$ is involved in the accumulation of both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in ${it Arabidopsis}$

Kitamura, Satoshi; Shikazono, Naoya; Tanaka, Atsushi

Flavonoid compounds such as anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs; so-called condensed tannins) must be transported from the site of synthesis in the cytosol to the vacuoles. Novel Arabidopsis mutants, transparent testa 19 (tt19), which were induced by ion beam irradiation, showed a great reduction of anthocyanin pigments in the vegetative parts as well as brown pigments in the seed coat. The TT19 gene was isolated by chromosome walking and the gene candidate approach, and was shown to be a member of the Arabidopsis glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family. Heterologous expression of a putative ortholog, petunia AN9, in tt19 complemented the anthocyanin accumulation but not the brown pigmentation in the seed coat. This suggests that the TT19 gene is required for vacuolar uptake of anthocyanins into vacuoles, but that it has also a different function from AN9. The depositional pattern of PA precursors in the mutant was different from that in the wild type. These results indicate that TT19 participates in the PA pathway as well as the anthocyanin pathway of Arabidopsis.

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Category:Plant Sciences

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