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核融合炉第一壁の健全性

Integrity of the first wall in fusion reactors

栗原 良一

Kurihara, Ryoichi

核融合動力炉の設計において、コンパクトな炉で高い核融合出力を達成しようとすれば、プラズマから第一壁やダイバータ板上に数MW/m$$^{2}$$の熱流束と高速中性子束が作用する。その場合、第一壁表面や材料中に微小き裂が発生する可能性は十分考えられる。微小き裂が疲労やクリープなどによって有意な寸法のき裂に成長した場合、第一壁の構造健全性は非常に低くなる。第一壁内をき裂が貫通すれば、核融合炉の安全性を脅かす要因の一つになりうる。本報では、このような使用環境にさらされるフェライト鋼またはSiC/SiC複合材料で製造した核融合炉第一壁が抱える構造健全性上の課題を整理した。

The problems in the thermal structural design of the plasma facing component such as the blanket first wall and the divertor plate which receives very high heat flux were examined in the design of the fusion power reactors. Compact high fusion power reactor must give high heat flux and high-speed neutron flux from the plasma to the first wall and the divertor plate. In this environmental situation, the micro cracks should be generated in material of the first wall. Structural integrity of the first wall would be very low during the operation of the reactor, if those micro-cracks grow in a crack having significant size by the fatigue or the creep. The crack penetration in the first wall can be a factor which threatens the safety of the fusion power reactor. This paper summarizes the problems on the structural integrity in the first wall made of the SiC/SiC composite material or the ferritic steel.

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