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高温ガス炉近似ヘリウム環境におけるオーステナイト系耐熱合金の酸化と浸炭に及ぼす表面冷間加工の影響

Effect of Mechanical Surface Treatment on Oxidation and Carburization of some Austenitic Heat Resisting Alloys in the Simulated HTGR Helium Environment

田村 学*; 近藤 達男

Tamura, Manabu*; Kondo, Tatsuo

実機の組立または補修時に素材がグラインダまたはショット仕上などの表面冷間加工を受けることに注目して、ハステロイ-X合金の900$$sim$$1000$$^{circ}$$Cの不純ヘリウム中における腐食挙動に及ぼす表面冷間加工の影響を研究した。一般に冷間加工した材料の酸化はしばしば抑制される傾向を示すが、本研究の条件ではショット加工によって強い表面加工を与えると酸化および浸炭を著しく加速することを見出した。より加工の程度の少ないグラインダによる精密表面仕上の場合には加速現象は顕著ではなく、エメリ紙で研磨したものと同程度の酸化を示した。しかし、概して表面冷間仕上は900$$sim$$1000$$^{circ}$$CのHTGR近似の不純ヘリウム中においては程度の差こそあれ 酸化,浸炭を促進する。1000$$^{circ}$$Cにおいては加熱後の冷却中に表面冷間上仕した試料の被膜は剥離しやすくなる。表面冷間加工によって酸化挙動が影響を受ける要因としてクロムの表面への拡散が容易になるためであることはよく知られているが、本実験の場合、表面冷間加工によって導入される加工度のミクロ的な不均一性がかえって酸化,浸炭を促進したものと判断した。

Influence of mechanical surface finishing on corrosion was studied with some austenitic heat resisting alloys exposed to the simulated HTGR helium environment. The exposure tests were made at 900 and 1000$$^{circ}$$C for 500 and 1500h. Contrary to the prediction based on the trend of some conventional experimental results on the oxidation of cold worked material at comparatively low temperatures, severe cold working, e.g. shot-blasting, was found to accelerate oxidation and carburization. Although, in some cases, moderate surface grinding showed results almost comparable to the surface abraded with fine emery papers, most mechanical surface finishing were recognized as to promote oxidation and carburization at 900 and 1000 $$^{circ}$$C in the simulated HTGR helium. The oxide film formed on the ground or shot-blasted specimen tended to spall more easily during cooling after isothermal exposure at 1000$$^{circ}$$C. Based on the metallographic observation mechanisms of the acceleration of oxidation and carburization was discussed. The surface cold work was considered to cause not only enhanced chromium diffusion to the surface but also considerable degree of inhomogeneity of the degree of working in the microscopic scale, resulting in rather rapid oxide build-up and spallation. Some of the surface finishing in practice with severe cold working, thus, were concluded to be harmful to the integrity of HTGR structural components.

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