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過冷却液体からの新規ガラスの創製とその構造

Structure of Mg$$_{2}$$SiO$$_{4}$$ glass made by a method for containerless supercooled-liquid-phase processing at high temperatures

小原 真司*; 鈴谷 賢太郎; 竹内 謙*

Kohara, Shinji*; Suzuya, Kentaro; Takeuchi, Ken*

高温融体を無容器(コンテナレス)で浮かせることができると、冷却の際に結晶化の核となるものがなくなるので過冷却液体状態の実現が容易になる。そうすると、過冷却液体からの緩やかな冷却で、これまで作製が不可能であったさまざまなガラス・非平衡物質の合成が可能となる。主要造岩鉱物で地球・宇宙科学的に重要なフォルステライト(かんらん石)も、このコンテナレス法により高純度ガラスが得られる。本報では、この高純度フォルステライトガラスの合成と構造研究を中心にコンテナレス法の物質科学における有用性の一端を示す。

We succeeded in producing highly pure glass made of "forsterite," contained in upper mantle of the Earth and meteorites. Although ordinary glass is made of silica network structure, this glass has an unsymmetrical network structure of magnesium oxide polyhedrons, which is deemed to destroy the silica network structure. We produced glass with extremely rare impurities by melting forsterite while floating it with inert gas and sound waves and then quenching it while holding it in an approximate microgravity condition equivalent to space. Development of a new optical fiber and improvement and cost reduction of operating equipment, such as operation laser, because high-purity glass can be produced using materials, which has been deemed to be appropriate.

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