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Development of field investigation techniques for study of regional groundwater Flow; Remote sensing; Study of hydrological characteristics of subsurface using topographic and vegetational information; Part 1

Koide, Kaoru; Yanagizawa, Koichi

The purpose of this study is to develop estimation methods of hydrological characteristics of subsurface using regional data such as remote sensing data and topographical data in order to evaluate regional groundwater flow in Japan. This study consists of following three steps. The first step is to develop methods to extract the ground surface information. The second step is to quantify the relationship between the ground surface conditions and hydrological characteristics. And the final step is to develop estimation methods of hydrological characteristics of subsurface by using ground surface information. This paper describes the development of extraction methods on the ground surface information as the first step in our study. In this paper, topography and vegetation parameters were selected as the ground surface information which is considered relating to water balance which is one of hydrological characteristics. The study site was selected in the area (5km $$times$$ 5km) around the Tono uranium Mine, Central Japan. In order to extract topographic information, we developed a computer program to calculate direction and inclination of hill slopes using digital elevation map (DEM). The program was validated by comparing calculated results with measured slope data which were read from topographic map in the study site. We also examined grid intervals of DEM so that terrain in the study site can be represented appropriately. As a result, it was known that the grid interval of DEM should be less than 30m in the study site. We tried to classify forest types into three classes, a broad-leaved forest, conifer forest and mixed forest, using seasonal change of the normalized vegetation index (NVI) that was calculated from SPOT HRV data. Multi-temporal data (summer, autumn and winter) of SPOT were used to determine seasonal change of NVI of each forest type. As a result, it was definitely shown that each forest type has a different seasonal change of NVI. We ...

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