東濃鉱山における工学材料長期浸漬試験 -ガラス材料編-

Long-term immersion tests of engineered materials in the Tono mine; Results for glass material

濱 克宏 ; 三ツ井 誠一郎  ; 青木 里栄子*; 広瀬 郁朗

Hama, Katsuhiro; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Aoki, Rieko*; Hirose, Ikuro

地下水中にガラス材料が存在する場合の,地質環境への影響とガラス材料の耐久性を評価する目的で,東濃鉱山坑内の花崗岩岩盤中において,非加熱条件での10年間の浸漬試験を実施した。試験は,立方体および円柱形(外周をステンレス鋼で被覆)に切り出した試料をそれぞれ有孔の容器に入れ地下水に浸漬する方法(単独系),粘土を充填した有孔の容器に試料を包埋して地下水に浸漬する方法(共存系),また無孔の容器に地下水と試料を入れ坑道に静置する方法(静的浸漬試験)の3通りの条件で実施した。本報告書では,ガラス材料の耐久性を調査するために,所定の期間で回収した試料の重量変化の測定,試験期間が10年間の試料の各種方法によるガラス表面変質層の観察・分析結果を示す。主な結果は以下のとおりである。(1)試験開始時,試験終了時において地下水水質に有意な変化は認められなかった。(2)試料の重量減少量は試験期間にほぼ比例した。これは試験期間を通じて地下水の溶存ケイ酸濃度に大きな変化がなかったことに起因すると考えた。(3)立方体と円柱形の試料の重量減少量に差が認められた。これはステンレスの影響ではなく,ガラスの亀裂からの浸出に起因すると考えた。(4)共存系の重量減少量は単独系の8割程度であった。これは粘土に包埋した条件では試料近傍の溶存ケイ酸濃度が高いため溶解速度が低下したことが要因であると考えた。

Long-term immersion tests of glass material at ambient temperature (about 18 C) for 10 years were performed in a gallery at the Tono mine in Japan, in order to assess durability of glass matelial contacted with natural groundwater. The gallery was constructed at a depth of 130 m below ground surface in the Toki Granite. Monolithic glass blocks with dimensions of 10 10 10 mm (cubic type) and of 25 mm in diameter and 8 mm in thickness (disk type: The wall of sample was covered by stainless steel of 1 mm thick.) were used for the tests. Both type of samples with and without clay were put in Teflon vessels, which have small holes on the wall, and inserted into boreholes excavated at the gallery floor. In addition to the immersion tests, static leaching test with cubic type glass and ground water was also performed at the gallery. The samples of each test were collected in time intervals of 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 10 years and were subjected to weight loss measurement and several surface analyses. The results were as follows: (1)Weight losses of each sample were proportional to time intervals. This result is attributable to constant dissolved silica concentration in the ground water during tests. (2)The weight losses of disk type glass were slightly larger than those of cubic type glass. This result is attributable to elemental release from internal cracks of disk type glass, instead of effect of stainless steel on the glass dissolution. (3)The weight losses for the tests with clay were slightly smaller than those for tests without clay. This result is attributable to higher concentration of dissolved silica in pore water of clay.