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断層の形状に関する調査

Study on Configuration and Structure of Faults

菅原 正明*; 丸山 亮*; 神原 洋*

Sugawara, Masaaki*; Maruyama, Toru*; Kambara, Hiroshi*

断層運動による地下水流動への影響を調査する手法の開発に資するため,断層中に胚胎するとされる豊羽鉱脈鉱床の形状について情報を収集し,整理・解析した。豊羽鉱床を代表する4系統の鉱脈群(但馬-播磨,出雲-信濃,宗谷,空知)について,複数レベルの鉱脈平面図及び断面図をスキャンすることにより鉱脈の3次元的な分布特徴を画像データとして記録し,豊羽鉱床の代表的鉱脈の形態的特徴を鉱脈図,地質鉱床断面図及び鉱床スケッチを基に主要レベルごとに抽出した。鉱脈の形状は,浅部から深部に向かって,膨縮に富んだサイモイドカーブ脈$$rightarrow$$比較的一定の脈幅を有する緩いサイモイドカーブ脈$$rightarrow$$比較的一定の脈幅を有する直線性に富んだ脈の順に変化する傾向が認められる。これは封圧の増加に対応して形成された剪断性割れ目の形状特性と考えられる。豊羽鉱山で求められた鉱脈のトレース長分布は,大津ほか(2001)で示された不確実性の幅の中にほぼ入っていることから,亀裂トレース長累積頻度分布は,規模,地域,岩種を問わず,ほぼ同一直線上にのると考えられる。

Configuration and structure of the ore veins of the Toyoha mine, which occur in faults, were studied with the purpose of developing methods for investigating the effect of fault movement to groundwater flow. Information on the shape of the veins were acquired and analyzed. Plane vein maps in some levels and cross sections of four representative vein systems (Tajima-Harima, Izumo-Shinano, Soya, Sorachi) of the Toyoha ore deposit were scanned, and three-dimensional features of vein distributions were recorded as image data. Morphological characteristics of typical veins of the Toyoha ore deposit were extracted from vein maps, geological and mineralogical cross sections and vein sketches. A tendency of vein-shape changes is recognized from the upper to the lower parts; cymoid curve with strong lensing, gentle cymoid curve with relatively constant width, linear vein with relatively constant width in ascending order of depth. This is thought to be a morphological characteristics of shear fracture formed in correspondence with increase of confining pressure. Distribution of vein trace length of the Toyoha mine exist within the range of uncertainty in the figure between fracture trace length and cumulative number of fractures indicated by Ohtsu (2001). Thus, accumulated number of fracture trace length is thought to be in linear relation irrespective of size, region and rock ype.

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