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ナトリウム冷却MOX燃料大型炉心の再臨界回避方策の評価

An Evaluation study of measures for prevention of Re-criticality in sodium-cooled large FBR with MOX fuel

藤田 朋子

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実用化戦略調査研究の一環として、有力な候補プラントの1つであるナトリウム冷却MOX燃料大型炉心について、再臨界回避方策の評価を実施した。実証炉の炉心崩壊事故解析等による従来の知見から、流量低下型事象時に炉停止に失敗し、大規模な溶融燃料プールが形成されて初めて、径方向揺動等による燃料の移動集中が生じ、厳しい即発臨界現象に至る可能性があることが分かっている。再臨界の可能性を排除するために、炉心物質の再配置を制御するCMR(Controlled Material Relocation)概念に基づいた再臨界回避方策の候補として、内部ダクト付き集合体、LAB(下部軸ブランケット)一部削除型集合体が提案されている。これらの方策についてSIMMER-IIIコードを用いた予備解析を実施し、CMR有効性の比較検討を行った。検討した候補のうち、内部ダクト付き集合体が最も燃料流出が早く、再臨界回避方策として有力である見通しを得た。LAB一部削除集合体でも、若干燃料流出は遅くなるが有望な候補である。しかしながら、中央ピンにUAB(上部軸ブランケット)を残す場合は、炉心下方でのFCIによって炉心燃料領域内に燃料が再流入するため、炉心性能へ著しい影響を与えない限り、中央ピンのUABも削除する方が良い。中央ピンの燃料軸長の長短が燃料流出挙動に与える影響は小さく、むしろUAB有無の影響が重要である。

As an effort in the feasibility study on commercialized Fast Breeder Reactor cycle systems, an evaluation of the measures to prevent the energetic re-criticality in sodium-cooled large MOX core, which is one of the candidates for the commercialized reactor, has been performed. The core disruptive accident analysis of Demonstration FBR showed that the fuel compaction of the molten fuel by radial motion in a large molten core pool had a potential to drive the severe super-prompt re-criticality phenomena in ULOF sequence. ln order to prevent occurrence of the energetic re-criticality, a subassembly with an inner duct and the removal of a part of LAB are suggested based on CMR (Controlled Material Relocation) concept. The objective of this study is the comparison of the effectiveness of CMR among these measures by the analysis using SIMMER-III. The molten fuel in the subassembly with inner duct flows out faster than that from other measures. The subassembly with inner duct will work effectively in preventing energetic re-criticality. Though the molten fuel in the subassembly without a part of LAB flows out a little slower, it is still one of the promising measures. However, the UAB should be also removed from the same pin to prevent the fuel re-entries into the core region due to the pressurization by FCl below the core, unless it disturbs the core performance. The effect of the axial fuel length of the center pin to CMR behavior is small, compared to the effect of the existence of UAB.

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