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Report No.
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A conceptual study of the criticality safety design for pyrochemical reprocessing systems

Nakabayashi, Hiroki ; not registered

Pyrochemical reprocessing systems, which are based on the different physical principles from the existing aqueous reprocessing systems, are expected to be the more economical, more reductible of environmental impact and higher proliferation-resistant. Though many researches and experiments for the development of those systems have been done in many countries there are few studies on the criticality safety design. In this study, the criticality safety design are performed for three pyrochemical reprocessing systems, the metal electrorefining process which has been developed by the Argonne National Labolatory (ANL) in the U.S, the oxide electrowinning process which has been developed by the Research Institute of Atomic Reactors (RIAR) in Russia and the fluoride volatility process which has been developed by the ANL in the U.S, the Japan Atomic Energy Reserch Institute (JAERI) in Japan, etc. As a result of this study, the ordinal criticality safety management methods can directly be applied both to the electrowinning process and to the fluoride volatility process. However, for the electrorefiner vessel used in the metal-electrorefining process, the ordinal methods, in which the only one chemical state is supposed for the all fissile nuclide in the individual unit, cannot be applied directly because the different chemical states co-exist in the electrorefiner by the operation. It is proposed the different idea for this case in the study. And these results are useful to design any pyrochemical reprocessing plants. Because subcritical limits are determined by criticality data of simple models in this study, these limits should be reevaluated based on the detailed hardware design. Futhermore, the criticality safety evaluation with the contingency analysis must be performed to certify that the design has an adequate safety clearance to the anticipated anomaly events.

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