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MOX燃料加工施設に対する確率論的安全評価手法の開発

Development of probabilistic safety assessment method for mixed oxide fuel fabrication facilities

玉置 等史 ; 吉田 一雄 ; 渡邉 憲夫; 村松 健

Tamaki, Hitoshi; Yoshida, Kazuo; Watanabe, Norio; Muramatsu, Ken

MOX燃料加工施設に適用できる確率論的安全評価手順の検討を行い、MOX燃料加工施設と原子炉施設との違いを考慮し、その構成を2段階5ステップとした。第一段階を、可能性のある事故原因の候補(異常事象候補)を抜け落ちなく抽出し、リスク上重要と考えられる事象を選別する2ステップで構成されることから、「概略PSA」と呼ぶ。異常事象候補を網羅的かつ効率的に抽出する第1ステップでは、ハザード分析手法を取り入れ、設備機器の機能に着目した機能レベルのFMEAを提案した。第2ステップでは、概略的な発生頻度及び影響評価に基づくリスクマトリクスを用いて相対的なリスクの比較をもとに選別する。選別した事象に対して詳細な検討を行うため、第二段階を「詳細PSA」と呼び、事故シナリオ分析,発生頻度評価及び影響評価を原子炉施設のPSA手順に従い実施する。この方法を用いて仮想的に設定したモデルプラントを対象に分析を実施し本手順の有用性を確認した。

A Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) procedure for Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel fabrication facilities was developed. The procedure is a "two-part five-step" approach which takes characteristics of MOX fuel fabrication facilities into consideration. In the first part, so-called preliminary PSA, the hazard analysis approach was applied, which consists of two analysis steps: Functional Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FFMEA) and Risk Matrix Analysis. The FFMEA analyzes a variety of functions of equipment composing the facility to identify potential abnormal events exhaustively. In the Risk Matrix Analysis, these potential events are screened to select abnormal events as candidates to be analyzed in the second part, using two-dimensional matrix based on the likelihood evaluated by probabilistic index method and maximum unmitigated radioactive release calculated by the Five Factor Formula. For the selected abnormal events, in the second part, so-called detailed PSA, accident sequences, their occurrence frequencies and consequences are analyzed. These three analysis steps correspond to PSA procedure for nuclear power plant. The applicability of the PSA procedure was demonstrated through the trial application to model plant of MOX fuel fabrication facility.

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