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Ice XIの中性子回折; 水素原子の配置が完全に秩序化した氷は存在するか

Time-resolved neutron diffraction studies of ice XI

深澤 裕

Fukazawa, Hiroshi

高圧下の氷は温度を下げるとIce VIIIと呼ばれる水素秩序構造に変化する。中性子回折の研究から、Ice VIIIのすべての水素原子は秩序化した配置を有することがわかっている。それでは、大気圧下に存在する通常の氷(Ice Ih)の場合、低温では何が起きるのであろうか?ここで、Ice XIと呼ばれる水素秩序構造が、長い時間を経て出現する可能性について考察する。果たして、水素原子の配置が完全に秩序化したIce XIは存在するのであろうか?

Water molecules are dipolar, and neutron diffraction studies provide evidences that ices VIII and IX (the proton ordered phases of ices VII and III) exist as stable low-temperature phases at high pressure. However, under an atmospheric pressure, the proton of "normal" ice Ih is disordered even though a very low temperature. A question that has long fascinated researchers is whether there is an existence of ferroelectric proton-ordered ice named ice XI as a stable phase, under an atmospheric pressure. This debate becomes an earnest subject: ice XI exists on Pluto? Time-resolved neutron diffraction studies of ice tell new aspects in this subject.

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