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Enhancement of cesium release from fuel due to fuel oxidation and dissolution under severe accident conditions

シビアアクシデント条件下における燃料の酸化及び溶融による燃料からのセシウム放出の増加

工藤 保 ; 中村 武彦 ; 木田 美津子; 更田 豊志

Kudo, Tamotsu; Nakamura, Takehiko; Kida, Mitsuko; Fuketa, Toyoshi

VEGA計画では、シビアアクシデント条件下における燃料からの放射性物質放出に関する研究を行っている。本計画において、VEGA-4実験は被覆管付きの燃料を用い、水蒸気雰囲気で実施した。燃料からの放射性物質放出は、被覆管なしの燃料を用いて不活性雰囲気で行ったVEGA-1実験に比べて放出速度は大きかった。水蒸気による燃料の酸化は重要な放出機構であることが知られており、揮発性放射性物質の放出を増加させる。加えて、VEGA-4実験では被覆管との相互作用による燃料溶融が見られた。燃料溶融も放射性物質放出に影響を及ぼす。本報告では、VEGA-4実験でのセシウム放出における燃料酸化と溶融の影響をモデルを用いて評価した結果について示す。

The radionuclide release from fuel under severe accident conditions was investigated in the VEGA program. In this program, the forth test VEGA-4 was performed in the steam atmosphere using a cladded fuel. The release of cesium from the fuel in the test was slightly larger than that in an inert helium atmosphere of test VEGA-1 which used the same fuel without cladding. Oxidation of UO$$_{2}$$ by steam has been known as an important mechanism, which could increase the volatile fission product release considerably. In addition, considerable amount of fuel liquefaction by the interaction with the cladding was observed in test VEGA-4. The fuel dissolution by molten zircaloy could also affect the fission product release. This report summarizes the test VEGA-4, and impacts on the cesium release from fuel by the UO$$_{2}$$ oxidation and the dissolution are discussed.

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