Strong pairing and microscopic inhomogeneity of lattice fermion systems

Yamada, Susumu  ; Machida, Masahiko  ; Ohashi, Yoji*; Matsumoto, Hideki*

In order to study an interplay between electronic inhomogeneity and superconductivity as seen in High-Tc cuprates as well as to predict effects of optical lattice in atomic Fermi gases, we numerically examine attractive Hubbard model in the absence of the translation symmetry. For the purpose, we systematically calculate the particle density profile for both 1-D and 2-D attractive Hubbard models with harmonic potential wells using the exact diagonalization and the density-matrix renormalization group methods. The numerical results reveal that fine inhomogeneous zigzag patterns universally emerge in the 1-D model case and the zig-zag structure becomes checkerboard type in the 2-D one. Moreover, it is numerically and theoretically found that such inhomogeneities are caused by double occupation component, i.e., pairs tightly bound on a site. These calculation results are universal for many-body Fermi-particle systems on lattice. We predict that the behavior described above is widely observable from atomic Fermi gas to strong coupled superconductors including High-Tc superconductors.