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A Study of extrusion behaviour of buffer material into fractures

緩衝材の亀裂内侵入挙動に関する検討

棚井 憲治 ; 松本 一浩*

Tanai, Kenji; Matsumoto, Kazuhiro*

高レベル放射性廃棄物の地層処分における緩衝材の候補材料であるベントナイトは、吸水により膨潤する性質を有し、この膨潤性によって緩衝材と周辺岩盤との隙間や周辺岩盤の割れ目などを充填する自己シール性が期待されている。一方で、この膨潤性によってベントナイトの割れ目への侵入が止まらずに緩衝材の密度が低下し、緩衝材自体の諸機能並びに人工バリアの構造力学的安定性に影響を及ぼすことが懸念される。また、割れ目へ侵入したベントナイトゲルが地下水の流れによって浸食される。このように岩盤の割れ目への侵入と割れ目へ侵入したベントナイトゲルの侵食を定量的に把握し、緩衝材の長期的な性能を評価する必要がある。本研究では、非破壊測定手法の一つであるX線CTを用いて亀裂内に侵入したベントナイトの密度分布の測定を行い、本手法の適用性について検討を行った。

As a candidate buffer material for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste, densely compacted bentonite has a number of favourable properties, such as its low permeability and high capacity for radionuclide sorption. Furthermore, as the bentonite will be resaturated and swelled gradually after repository closure, not only will any gaps within the bentonite be sealed, but the bentonite may also be excluded into fractures in the surrounding rock, diverting a part of the water flow away from the repository. This situation is potentially advantageous to repository safety. However, if loss of bentonite into fractures due to extrusion and subsequent erosion of the extruding front by flowing groundwater is too pronounced, then the decrease in density of the bentonite within the repository may lead to reduce its favourable properties. Therefore, the extrusion and erosion of bentonite buffer from the disposal pit or tunnel should be quantitatively understood to ensure long-term performance of the engineered barriers for the geological disposal system. In this study, an attempt was made to use X-ray CT technique to measure, non-destructively, the density distribution of bentonite buffer extruded into the artificial fractures.

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