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Cement based encapsulation experiment for low radioactive effluent that contains nitrate

硝酸塩を含有する低放射性廃液のセメント固化試験

菅谷 篤志 ; 堀口 賢一 ; 田中 憲治; 小林 健太郎

Sugaya, Atsushi; Horiguchi, Kenichi; Tanaka, Kenji; Kobayashi, Kentaro

核燃料再処理施設では、大量に発生する硝酸塩を主成分とした低放射性廃液を安全かつ経済的に処理処分する必要がある。東海再処理施設では、低放射性廃液をセメントで廃棄体化するための技術開発を行った。低放射性廃液は処分費用低減の観点からセメント固化前に核種分離を行い放射能濃度の高い廃液の量を低減する。今回の固化試験は、核種分離で発生する放射能濃度が低く硝酸塩を主成分とした廃液(以下硝酸塩廃液)及び放射能濃度が高く数種類の塩を含む廃液(以下スラリ廃液)を模擬し、特殊なスラグセメントを用いて、ビーカースケール及び200リットル容器の実規模で行った。その結果、硝酸塩廃液では、所定の濃度まで蒸発濃縮した塩を50wt%充填して作製した固化体が、廃棄体要求条件を満足することを確認した。スラリ廃液では、含有する炭酸塩濃度が高くなると、強度が低下するなどの問題が見られたが、含有する炭酸塩濃度を約10g/L以下に減量することで、塩充填率50wt%の固化体が要求条件を満足することを確認した。

In Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plant, it is necessary to dispose of a large amount of low level radioactive effluent containing nitrate as a major ingredient, safely and economically. Therefore, engineering developments concerning a cement based encapsulation process have been carried out in JAEA. From the viewpoint of disposal cost decrease, a low level radioactive effluent is passed through the nuclide separation process before cementation to concentrate the radioactivity into the minimum volume for conditioning and disposal. Two kinds of effluents are generated as a result of the nuclide separation; a nitrate effluent of which the principal ingredient is nitrate with a comparatively low radiation level, and a slurry effluent including several kinds of salts with a comparatively high radiation level. Non-radioactive simulants were prepared for each of these waste streams, and used in encapsulation trials to investigate a special slag cement, on a beaker scale and at full scale (200-litres). The results have confirmed that the nitrate effluent, evaporated up to a predetermined density, can be successfully encapsulated at a salt filling rate of 50wt%, to produce a wasteform which satisfies the required conditions. In the slurry effluent, the strength of the product decreased when carbonate concentration was high. However, it was confirmed that the product made at salt filling rate 50wt% satisfied the required conditions, if the carbonate concentration in the effluent was decreased to 10g/L or less.

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