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高速炉蒸気発生器における垂直円管内の伝熱特性

Characteristics of heat transfer inside vertical tube in FBR steam generator

栗原 成計 ; 門出 政則*

Kurihara, Akikazu; Monde, Masanori*

高速炉蒸気発生器における垂直管下降流での流動状況と熱伝達との関連を明らかにするために実験研究を行った。実験は、初期圧11.2$$sim$$13.4MPa,初期水温200及び300$$^{circ}$$C,質量流量0.021$$sim$$1.67kg/sの条件で行った。模擬伝熱管は高周波にて加熱され、時間平均熱流束は管壁に埋め込んだ3断面における2点の温度データから逆問題解法により推定し、外表面熱流束に対して20%以内の推定誤差であることを確認した。また、伝熱特性については質量流量に強く依存し、高質量流量域では沸騰曲線上を右周りのサイクルを描きながら安定した核沸騰が形成され、その傾きは常に$$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$>$$0であることがわかった。また、低質量流量域において、内壁面の沸騰状況は加熱中では$$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$>$$0から$$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$<$$0へ遷移し、加熱中断中に$$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$<$$0から$$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$>$$0へ戻ること、$$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$<$$0の傾きを持つ遷移沸騰域では、核沸騰と膜沸騰が共存し、時間的・空間的にその割合が変化しているため、本実験において沸騰曲線で左周りのサイクルを描くことを明らかにすることができた。

An experimental study has been carried out to clarify relationship between flow aspect and heat transfer mode during downward flow in a vertical tube of FBR steam generator. The experiment was done using purified water under the following conditions; initial pressure of 11.2-13.4 MPa, initial water temperature of 200 $$^{circ}$$C and water flow rate of 0.021-1.67 kg/s. The tube was heated by high frequency induction current, where the time averaged heat flux can be estimated using an inverse solution from the measured temperatures at two points on three different positions along the tube wall and then is confirmed to agree with the outer surface measured heat flux within 20% accuracy. It is found that the heat transfer characteristics strongly depend on the flow rate. In high mass flow rate, a stable nucleate boiling is formed on a vertical tube wall with clockwise cycle on $$q$$-$$Delta$$$$T$$ diagram for heat flux changes during $$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$>$$0 at any time. In low mass flow rate, boiling on the wall changes from dq/d$$Delta$$$$T$$$$>$$0 to dq/d$$Delta$$$$T$$$$<$$0 during the heating and returns from $$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$<$$0 to $$dq/d$$$$Delta$$$$T$$$$>$$0 during the reduction in heat.

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