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Adiabatic invariance for eigenmodes and continuum modes in nonuniform plasmas

Hirota, Makoto; Tokuda, Shinji

Adiabatic invariance of wave action is investigated for generaleigenmodes and continuum modes by exploiting the variational principlefor linearized dynamical systems. Given a sufficiently slow evolution of the background fields, thewave action (or the action variable) attributed to each mode isconserved as long as the corresponding discrete or continuous spectrumis isolated from other spectra and zero frequency. The resonantcoupling allows exchange of wave action among these modes.

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