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Reduction behavior of neptunium(V) at a gold or platinum electrode during controlled potential electrolysis and procedures for electrochemical preparations of neptunium(IV) and (III)

金あるいは白金電極を用いる定電位差電解によるNp(V)の還元挙動と、Np(IV)及び(III)の電解調製法

北辻 章浩  ; 木村 貴海 ; 木原 壯林*

Kitatsuji, Yoshihiro; Kimura, Takaumi; Kihara, Sorin*

過塩素酸溶液中のNp(V)を、金及び白金電極を用いて定電位差バルク電解法により4価あるいは3価へ還元したところ、特異な電解挙動を示した。電解挙動やボルタンメトリーにより電極反応を詳しく調べ、次の還元機構を明らかにした。金電極ではNp(V)は直接還元されないが、Np(III)が共存すると電子交換による化学反応によりNp(IV)へ還元が進む。このNp(III)はNp(IV)の電解還元により生成し、電子移動メディエータとして働く。白金電極の場合、白金電極が持つ電極触媒効果により電極上に還元的吸着した水素原子がNp(V)をNp(IV)に還元する。生成したNp(IV)は、金電極の場合と同様に電子移動メディエータとして働きNp(V)を還元する。金電極を用いた場合の触媒還元反応をモデル化し、デジタルシミュレーションによる計算結果を実験データと比較したところ、よく一致した。これらの実験データに基づき、Np(IV)とNp(III)のバルク電解調製法を提案した。

Unique current-time relations were observed during the controlled potential electrolysis for the reduction of Np(V) to Np(IV) or Np(III) at a Au or Pt electrode. The reduction process of Np(V) was elucidated based on bulk electrolysis and voltammetry: Though Np(V) is not reduced directly at a Au electrode, it is reduced by chemical reaction with Np(III) which is produced by the electrode reduction of Np(IV). The reduction of Np(V) at a Pt electrode is initiated by the electrocatalytic reduction to Np(IV) with the hydrogen atom which is produced by the electrode reduction of H$$^{+}$$ and adsorbed on the Pt electrode surface. The Np(IV) produced functions as an electron transfer mediator to reduce Np(V) similarly to the reaction at a Au electrode. The above described catalytic reduction processes of Np(V) were elucidated with the aid of digital simulation. Methods useful for the preparation of Np(IV) and Np(III) by bulk electrolysis were proposed based on the experimental results.

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