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Development of neutron detectors in J-PARC and He-3 shortage problem

J-PARCにおける中性子検出器開発とHe-3不足問題

曽山 和彦  

Soyama, Kazuhiko

$$^{3}$$Heは、核兵器材料であるトリチウムのバイプロダクツであるが、冷戦終結の結果製造が停止し、さらに、米国がHomeland Security計画で大量の$$^{3}$$He検出器を製作するため、中性子散乱,低温物理,医療イメージングなどの研究分野で世界的に$$^{3}$$Heガス不足が深刻な問題となっている。米国のDOEによれば、この2年間で米国の$$^{3}$$He貯蔵は底を突くと予想される。中性子散乱分野では、近年大強度パルス中性子源施設の建設が、SNS(米国),J-PARC(日本)などで需要が大きく、この4年間で約100,000L(約16,000L, J-PARC)が必要とされている。本特別セッションでは、J-PARCで開発している中性子散乱実験装置における$$^{3}$$He不足問題と、$$^{3}$$He検出器の代替品開発に関する発表を行う。

$$^{3}$$H is a by product of Tritium production for use in nuclear weapons. Only the US and Russia are presently providing significant amounts of $$^{3}$$H. With the end of the Cold War the $$^{3}$$H production from Tritium decay has been reduced significantly. However, since September 2001 the demand of $$^{3}$$H has increased drastically due to security programs launched in the US and other countries. This has led to a severe depletion of the existing $$^{3}$$H stockpile and caused the present shortage of $$^{3}$$H. With the upcoming new Spallation Sources and numerous projects for new instruments or upgrades at existing neutron scattering facilities the demand of $$^{3}$$H for neutron detectors has significantly increased. In this talk, a current status of construction of neutron scattering instruments and a problem of He3 shortage and alternative developments for neutron detection replacing $$^{3}$$H detectors at J-PARC will be reported.

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