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環流丘陵を伴う旧河谷の堆積物は過去数十万年間の隆起量推定の指標になるか?

Study on investigation techniques of uplift rate using sediment of incised meander scars

安江 健一; 谷川 晋一; 二ノ宮 淳*; 棚瀬 充史*

Yasue, Kenichi; Tanikawa, Shinichi; Ninomiya, Atsushi*; Tanase, Atsushi*

過去数十万年の隆起速度を把握することは、地質環境の長期安定性に関する研究の重要な課題の一つである。これまで、海岸付近では海成段丘を指標とした手法、内陸部では河成段丘を指標とした手法が用いられていた。しかし、そのような指標が少ない内陸の山間部や西南日本においては隆起量の推定が困難であった。そこで、これまでとは異なる新しい指標として、河川が削剥して谷を作りながら蛇行する旧河谷を使った隆起速度を把握する手法について検討した。ここでは、まず全国各地の環流丘陵を伴う旧河谷を抽出した。次に、この旧河谷が隣接して分布する十津川流域を事例として、旧河谷に分布する堆積物の堆積時期の決定とそれに基づく隆起速度の推定を行った。

We focused on the incised meander scars to be distributed along the river and carried out a study of the estimate technique of the uplift rate using the sediment on the scars. The incised meander scars more than 800 were extracted in Japanese Islands by interpretation of 1:25000 topographical maps. The scars are distributed over various altitudes. As a case study, we studied about uplift using the incised meander scars in an area along Totsukawa River where a typical the scars was distributed over various altitude. The sediment was got by machine digging of the high quality. Sedimentation age was estimated by volcanic ashes analysis. The age of the sediment on the incised meander scars of relative height approximately 90m from the present riverbed is approximately 300-400 thousand years ago. From these results, the uplift rate is estimated at a few ten centimeters for 1,000 years.

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