中性子回折・全散乱法による液体・非晶質構造解析の基礎

Structure analysis of liquids and disordered materials using pulsed neutron diffraction and total scatteirng

鈴谷 賢太郎

Suzuya, Kentaro

中性子回折法、特にパルス中性子源における中性子回折・全散乱法は、液体や非晶質といった不規則系物質の構造解明のための非常に強力なツールである。ここでは、(1)不規則系物質における「構造」の考え方、(2)回折法によってその「構造」をどう測定し解析・表現するのか、(3)中性子回折・全散乱法の利点、(4)パルス中性子源TOF中性子回折・全散乱法の概要と利点、(5)J-PARCパルス中性子源と全散乱装置NOVAの概要、(6)実際の構造解析・構造モデリング(幾つか例を挙げて)、について概説する。

Neutron diffraction/total scattering at pulsed neutron source is a powerful method to analyze the complex structure of disordered materials: liquids, glasses, amorphous materials and disordered crystals. The basic idea of the structure of disordered materials, the fundamental diffraction theory for disordered materials, and structure analysis of disordered materials using pulsed neutron diffraction/total scattering technique (TOF method) are described in detail. In addition, the precise information of the world highest class J-PARC MLF spallation neutron source and typical J-PARC neutron total scattering instrument NOVA are also given. Recent structural modelling methods of disordered materials such like reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulation method is briefly described using an example of the analysis of a typical disordered materials silica glass.