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Non-congruence of liquid-gas phase transition of asymmetric nuclear matter

非対称原子核物質の液相気相相転移の非合同性

丸山 敏毅  ; 巽 敏隆*

Maruyama, Toshiki; Tatsumi, Toshitaka*

一次相転移に伴う混合相の性質は、よく単純なMaxwell構成法や、より丁寧にはGibbs条件を解くことで調べられてきた。Maxwell構成法は、相転移のうちでは共存する相が同じ成分からなる合同転移にしか適用できない。陽子,中性子,電子からなる原子核物質の混合相は、一般的には非合同であり、Gibbs条件(共存する2相間で成分の化学ポテンシャルと圧力の釣合)が与える解はMaxwell構成法のものとは異なる。まずわれわれは混合相の構造を無視した計算で原子核物質の液相(L)気相(G)混合相を調べた。陽子と中性子が等しく含まれる対称原子核物質では、系が合同性を保ってふるまうため、Maxwell構成法が適用可能となる。しかし非対称原子核物質の場合はL相とG相での成分が異なり、Maxwell構成法が適用できない。また、われわれは電子を含んだ中性原子核物質についても、LG混合相の幾何学的構造まで含めて調べた。すなわち、いわゆるパスタ構造に関する表面張力とクーロン斥力の効果について明らかにする。

The thermal properties of mixed phase are often obtained by simply applying the Maxwell construction or more carefully by solving the Gibbs conditions. The Maxwell construction can be used in the case of congruent transition, i.e. the coexisting two phases have same chemical components with different densities. However, nuclear matter which consists of proton, neutron and electron, is generally non-congruent and the Gibbs conditions (equilibrium of chemical potentials and pressure between two phases) give EOS different from that of the Maxwell construction. We explore the LG mixed phase of bulk nuclear matter without considering the geometrical structures. In the case of symmetric nuclear matter, the system behaves congruently. Therefore the Maxwell construction is applicable. For asymmetric nuclear matter, on the other hand, the phase equilibrium is not satisfied by the Maxwell construction since the components in the L and G phases are completely different. We also explore the charge-neutral nuclear matter with electrons by fully considering the geometrical structure of LG mixed phase. We discuss the effects of surface and the Coulomb interaction on the mixed phase with pasta structures.

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パーセンタイル:73.67

分野:Physics, Applied

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