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New coherent X-ray source based on relativistic high harmonic generation in gas jet targets

Pirozhkov, A. S.; Kando, Masaki; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Gallegos, P.*; Ahmed, H.*; Ragozin, E. N.*; Faenov, A. Ya.*; Pikuz, T. A.*; Kawachi, Tetsuya; Sagisaka, Akito; Koga, J. K.; Coury, M.*; Green, J.*; Foster, P.*; Brenner, C.*; Dromey, B.*; Symes, D. R.*; Mori, Michiaki; Kawase, Keigo*; Kameshima, Takashi*; Fukuda, Yuji; Chen, L. M.*; Daito, Izuru; Ogura, Koichi; Hayashi, Yukio; Kotaki, Hideyuki; Kiriyama, Hiromitsu; Okada, Hajime; Nishimori, Nobuyuki; Imazono, Takashi; Kondo, Kiminori; Kimura, Toyoaki*; Tajima, Toshiki; Daido, Hiroyuki; Rajeev, P.*; McKenna, P.*; Borghesi, M.*; Neely, D.*; Kato, Yoshiaki* ; Bulanov, S. V.

We experimentally demonstrate new regime of high-order harmonic generation by relativistic-irradiance lasers in gas jet targets. With 9 TW laser, the harmonics reach the "water window" spectral region. Using 120 TW laser, we demonstrate the photon number scalability, with the energy of 40 $$mu$$J/sr per harmonic at 120 eV. We introduce a new mechanism of high-order harmonic generation based on the relativistic plasma phenomena and catastrophe theory. The mechanism is illustrated with high-resolution 2D and 3D PIC simulations. We discuss the potential applicability of the new coherent X-ray source for bioimaging.

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