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Microbe space exposure experiments at International Space Station (ISS) in the mission "Tanpopo"

Yokobori, Shinichi*; Yang, Y.*; Sugino, Tomohiro*; Kawaguchi, Yuko*; Takahashi, Yuta*; Narumi, Issei; Hashimoto, Hirofumi*; Hayashi, Nobuhiro*; Imai, Eiichi*; Kawai, Hideyuki*; Kobayashi, Kensei*; Marumo, Katsumi*; Mita, Hajime*; Nakagawa, Kazumichi*; Okudaira, Kyoko*; Tabata, Makoto*; Takahashi, Yuichi*; Tomita, Kaori*; Yamashita, Masamichi*; Yano, Hajime*; Yoshimura, Yoshitaka*; Yamagishi, Akihiko*

We proposed the "Tanpopo" mission to examine possible interplanetary migration of microbes, and organic compounds on Japan Experimental Module (JEM) of the International Space Station (ISS). Tanpopo consists of six subthemes. Two of them are on the possible interplanetary migration of microbes capture experiment of microbes at the ISS orbit and space exposure experiment of microbes. In this paper, we focus on the space exposure experiment of microbes. Microbes in space are assumed be exposed to the space environment with a kind of clay materials that might protect microbes from vacuum UV and cosmic rays, or exposed as the aggregates of which outer cells might protect inner cells from vacuum UV and cosmic rays. Dried vegetative cells of ${it D. radiodurans}$ and our novel deinococcal species isolated from high altitude are candidates for the exposure experiment. In addition, we are planning to perform another space exposure experiments of microbes. In this paper, we discuss current status of exposure experiment of microorganisms defined for the Tanpopo mission and others.

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