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中高エネルギー核反応

Nuclear reaction in intermediate energy region

高田 弘   

Takada, Hiroshi

入射エネルギーが100MeV以上の中高エネルギーを持つ入射粒子のド・ブロイ波長は原子核内の平均的な核子間距離1fmと同程度か短くなるので、入射粒子は標的原子核の核子と二体衝突を起こし、さらに一連の衝突が起こった後に核内に留まった粒子の持つ運動エネルギーが平衡に達し、励起した標的原子核からの粒子放出を起こす。この反応を核破砕反応と呼び、解析には核内カスケードモデルと蒸発モデルが用いられる。本稿では、核破砕反応の機構と解析に用いる計算モデルの代表的な計算手順を解説するほか、工学的な応用事例も紹介する。

When the energy of a particle becomes higher than 100 MeV, its de-Brogile wave length becomes shorter than 1 fm, which is the average distance between two nucleons in a target nucleus. In such case, an incident particle collides with a nucleon in a target nucleus according to a two-body collision, followed by the particle emission from the excited compound nucleus in which the remaining kinetic energies of the particles stayed in the target nucleus after the two-body collision process reached equilibrium. Those reactions are called as spallation reaction, and analyzed with an intra-nuclear cascade model and an evaporation model. The present article explains the mechanism of the spallation reaction and the computational procedures of calculation models, and also introduce engineering applications of the spallation reaction.

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