Nuclear reaction in intermediate energy region

Takada, Hiroshi   

When the energy of a particle becomes higher than 100 MeV, its de-Brogile wave length becomes shorter than 1 fm, which is the average distance between two nucleons in a target nucleus. In such case, an incident particle collides with a nucleon in a target nucleus according to a two-body collision, followed by the particle emission from the excited compound nucleus in which the remaining kinetic energies of the particles stayed in the target nucleus after the two-body collision process reached equilibrium. Those reactions are called as spallation reaction, and analyzed with an intra-nuclear cascade model and an evaporation model. The present article explains the mechanism of the spallation reaction and the computational procedures of calculation models, and also introduce engineering applications of the spallation reaction.