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Probing the Ba 5d states in BaTiO$$_{3}$$ and BaSO$$_{4}$$; A Resonant X-ray emission study at the Ba-L$$_{3}$$ edge

BaTiO$$_{3}$$とBaSO$$_{4}$$のBa 5d軌道の観測; Ba-L$$_{3}$$吸収端における共鳴X線発光

吉井 賢資  ; Jarrige, I.; 松村 大樹   ; 西畑 保雄; 鈴木 知史 ; 伊藤 嘉昭*; 向山 毅*; 杤尾 達紀*; 篠塚 寛志*; 福島 整*

Yoshii, Kenji; Jarrige, I.; Matsumura, Daiju; Nishihata, Yasuo; Suzuki, Chikashi; Ito, Yoshiaki*; Mukoyama, Takeshi*; Tochio, Tatsunori*; Shinotsuka, Hiroshi*; Fukushima, Sei*

強誘電体BaTiO$$_{3}$$のBaイオンの電子状態を共鳴X線発光とそれを利用した部分蛍光法X線吸収分光法により調べ、結果を強誘電体ではないBaSO$$_{4}$$と比較した。共鳴X線発光スペクトルでは、両者ともBa 5d軌道は局在しているという結果が得られた。一方、部分蛍光法X線吸収スペクトルには、BaTiO$$_{3}$$のみ、Ba 5dとO 2pとの混成が観測された。すなわち、この物質ではTi-Oの混成が強誘電性に重要とされてきたが、Ba-Oの混成も何らかの役割を果たしている可能性が示唆された。

We have directly probed the Ba 5d states in the ferroelectric BaTiO$$_{3}$$ by resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the partial fluorescence mode (PFY-XAS) at the Ba-L$$_{3}$$ edge. The results are compared with those of the non-ferroelectric barium sulfate BaSO$$_{4}$$. While the RXES spectra point to a localized character for the Ba 5d states in both compounds, the main peak of the PFY-XAS spectrum is found to be significantly broader for BaTiO$$_{3}$$ than for BaSO$$_{4}$$. On the basis of band structure calculations, this broadening is ascribed to strong hybridization between the unoccupied Ba 5d and O 2p states in the ferroelectric phase. This suggests that the hybridization between the conduction states of the Ba$$^{2+}$$ and O$$^{2-}$$ ions, and not only Ti$$^{4+}$$ and O$$^{2-}$$, plays some roles in the occurrence of ferroelectricity in BaTiO$$_{3}$$.

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