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Mutants of ${it Ficus pumila}$ produced by ion beam irradiation with an improved ability to uptake and assimilate atmospheric nitrogen dioxide

イオンビーム照射によって得られた大気中の二酸化窒素の吸収代謝能力が向上したオオイタビ(${it Ficus pumila}$)の変異体

高橋 美佐*; Kohama, S.*; 重藤 潤*; 長谷 純宏; 田中 淳; 森川 弘道*

Takahashi, Misa*; Kohama, S.*; Shigeto, Jun*; Hase, Yoshihiro; Tanaka, Atsushi; Morikawa, Hiromichi*

汚染物質を和らげる能力の高い変異体を作出することは植物による環境浄化において重要である。我々はイオンビーム照射を利用して大気中のNO$$_{2}$$を浄化する能力の高いオオイタビ(${it Ficus pumila}$ L.)変異体の作出を試みた。25,000以上の外植片を照射し、263系統の植物体を得た。これらの植物体を$$^{15}$$Nでラベルした濃度1ppmのNO$$_{2}$$に暴露した後、質量分光分析を行った。各系統のNO$$_{2}$$吸収量は110倍の範囲で異なった。高いNO$$_{2}$$吸収能力を示した44系統の増殖を試み、増殖に成功した15系統のうちの2系統はNO$$_{2}$$吸収量が野生型の1.7から1.8倍であった。この形質は遺伝的であり、これらの系統から増殖した個体は野生型よりも高いNO$$_{2}$$吸収能力を示した。RAPD分析によって野生型との間でDNAの変異が見られたことは、これらの系統が変異体であることを示唆する。これらの変異体は大気中のNO$$_{2}$$を和らげるために有用と考えらえる。

Production of novel mutants with a high ability to mitigate pollutants is important for phytoremediation. We investigated the use of ion beam irradiation to produce mutants of ${it Ficus pumila}$ L. with an improved ability to mitigate atmospheric (NO$$_{2}$$). More than 25,000 shoot explants were irradiated with ion beams, from which 263 independent plant lines were obtained. The plants were analyzed for NO$$_{2}$$ uptake by fumigation with 1 ppm $$^{15}$$N-labeled NO$$_{2}$$, followed by mass spectrometric analysis. The mean NO$$_{2}$$ uptake values of each lines differed over a 110-fold range. Propagation was attempted using cuttings from 44 lines showing the greatest NO$$_{2}$$ uptake; in total, 15 lines were propagated. Two of the 15 lines showed a mean NO$$_{2}$$ uptake 1.7- to 1.8-fold greater than that of the wild-type. This increase in NO$$_{2}$$ uptake was heritable in both lines; their progenies showed a significantly greater ability to take up and assimilate NO$$_{2}$$ than did the wild-type. RAPD analysis demonstrated DNA variation between the progeny plants and the wild type, suggesting that the progeny were true mutants. These mutants of ${it F. pumila}$ may prove useful in mitigating atmospheric NO$$_{2}$$.

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パーセンタイル:9.31

分野:Environmental Sciences

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