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Observation of apoptotic nuclei with a laser plasma soft X-ray microscope, 2

Kado, Masataka; Kishimoto, Maki; Tone, Shigenobu*; Tamotsu, Satoshi*; Yasuda, Keiko*; Aoyama, Masato*; Shinohara, Kunio*

Laser plasma soft X-ray microscope, which is a contact type soft X-ray microscope coupled with a highly intense and short pulsed laser plasma soft X-ray source, has higher spatial resolution better than 100 nm and high temporal resolution shorter than 1 nm and it is possible to observe inner structures of live biological cells. We have developed the laser plasma soft X-ray microscope and have applied for various life science phenomenons especially apoptotic cell nuclei. It has been observed with transmission electron microscope and fluorescence microscope that chromatin which was usually folded in nucleus was condensed along nucleus membrane and changed its shape to ring, necklace, and finally collapses when the apoptosis occurred. However there are many things to be studied in order to understand detailed mechanism caused such apoptotic deformation. We have studied detailed structural deformation from ring to necklace which is important to understand apoptosis.

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