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X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of metal hydrides under high pressure; Fundamental research on advanced hydrogen storage materials

高圧力下における金属水素化物のX線および中性子回折; 先端的水素貯蔵材料の基礎研究

町田 晃彦; 服部 高典   ; 佐野 亜沙美   ; 綿貫 徹; 片山 芳則; 青木 勝敏; 大下 英敏*; 池田 一貴*; 大友 季哉*

Machida, Akihiko; Hattori, Takanori; Sano, Asami; Watanuki, Tetsu; Katayama, Yoshinori; Aoki, Katsutoshi; Oshita, Hidetoshi*; Ikeda, Kazutaka*; Otomo, Toshiya*

SPring-8の放射光とJ-PARCの中性子を利用して金属水素化物の構造研究を、特に水素-金属間相互作用に着目して実施した。水素-金属間相互作用は高性能水素貯蔵材料の開発に重要な知見を与える。高圧技術はこの相互作用を制御するのに適した手法である。高圧下における放射光及び中性子利用実験により、これまでにランタン2水素化物が高圧力下で高水素濃度相と低水素濃度相へ相分離し、相分離で生成した低水素濃度相がNaCl型構造LaDであることを確認した。このNaCl型構造のLaDの形成は希土類金属水素間物では初めてのことであり、水素-金属間相互作用の水素占有サイト依存性の研究の足がかりとなる。

Structural properties of metal hydrides have been investigated by using synchrotron radiation (SR) X-rays at SPring-8 and neutrons at J-PARC, Japan. We have focused on the interactions between interstitial hydrogen atoms and their surrounding atoms. The hydrogen-metal interactions provide the important knowledge to develop the high performance hydrogen storage materials. High pressure technique is useful for producing highly densified metal hydride, in which the metal and hydrogen atoms approach closer and their interactions become pronounced. Recently, we found that lanthanum dihydride decomposed into two different phases at high pressure and discovered the NaCl-type monohydride, which was formed by decomposition. This result indicates that the nature of the hydrogen-metal interactions significantly change by pressurization. Our findings will open the way for studying the site-dependent nature of hydrogen-metal interactions.

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