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Characterization of new nuclear-grade graphites for HTGR/VHTR

HTGR/VHTR用新原子炉級黒鉛の特性評価

永石 賢英*; 福田 敏昭*; 近藤 明*; 角田 淳弥 ; 坂場 成昭 

Nagaishi, Yoshihide*; Fukuda, Toshiaki*; Kondo, Akira*; Sumita, Junya; Sakaba, Nariaki

高い強度を有する微粒等方性黒鉛は、HTGR及びVHTRの黒鉛構造物の候補材料である。中性子照射下における黒鉛構造物の寿命については2つの考え方がある。1つ目は、照射誘起寸法変化に基づくものである。この場合、高い中性子照射量において寸法変化が小さいことが望ましい。もう一つは、照射によって生じる残留応力の基準強さに対するマージンに基づくものである。この場合、黒鉛の強度が構造物の寿命の決定に重要な意味を持つ。高い強度を有する新しい原子力用微粒等方性黒鉛の開発により、設計裕度の増大、黒鉛構造物の寿命延長が期待でき、これは原子炉の経済性の向上を大きく改善することができる。さらに、黒鉛構造物の交換頻度の減少し、黒鉛廃棄物の減少も期待できる。東海カーボンでは、高い強度を有する新しい原子力用黒鉛を開発し、特性評価を進めている。本研究では、開発した黒鉛のR&D計画及び機械・熱的特性の未照射材を用いた試験結果について報告する。

Fine-Grained isotropic graphite shows higher strength making it a promising material for the graphite component of High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) and Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR). There are two kinds of considerations about lifetime of graphite components under neutron irradiation condition. One consideration is determined based on dimensional changes due to neutron irradiation. In this consideration, small dimensional change with much amount of neutron irradiation is preferable. The other consideration is determined based on a margin between the specified minimum ultimate strengths and the residual stresses induced by neutron irradiation. In this consideration, strength of graphite components is important property to decide lifetime. It is expected that development of new fine-grained isotropic nuclear grade graphite possessing higher strength will contribute toward added design margins and an extension of the lifetime of graphite components, which likely improve the reactor economy very significantly. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of graphite waste, it is also expected to decrease the exchange frequency of core components. Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd. has developed new nuclear grade graphite with higher strength and characterization of them is being carried out. This presentation shows the R&D plan and the initial results of mechanical and thermal properties of un-irradiated nuclear grade graphite.

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