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High-resolution XUV imaging of catastrophes in relativistic plasma

Pirozhkov, A. S.; Kando, Masaki; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; Ogura, Koichi; Hayashi, Yukio; Kotaki, Hideyuki; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; Kiriyama, Hiromitsu; Shimomura, Takuya; Tanoue, Manabu; Nakai, Yoshiki*; Okamoto, Masahiro*; Torimoto, Kazuhiro; Sato, Tomohiko; Kondo, Shuji; Kanazawa, Shuhei; Koga, J. K.; Fukuda, Yuji; Nishikino, Masaharu; Imazono, Takashi; Hasegawa, Noboru; Kawachi, Tetsuya; Daido, Hiroyuki; Kato, Yoshiaki* ; Bolton, P.; Bulanov, S. V.; Kondo, Kiminori

Plasma produced with relativistic-irradiance (I$$_{0}$$ $$>$$ 10$$^{18}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$) lasers is known as a source of XUV and X-ray radiation generated via various mechanisms. Recently discovered by us high-order harmonic emission from gas jet targets produces short-pulse coherent radiation desirable for many applications. According to our model, the harmonics are emitted by relativistic electron spikes, which are the density singularities resulting from catastrophes of a multi-stream relativistic plasma flow. Here we present high-resolution measurements of a XUV emission source which show that the radiation is indeed emitted by tiny sources, in accordance with the model prediction. In the experiment performed with the J-KAREN laser the XUV emission (60-100 eV) has been imaged on a LiF crystal detector, which reveals the detailed structure of the XUV sources, for example the double source consisting of two sub-micrometer radiating points, as predicted by the model.

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