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ステンレス鋼の耐発銹性に及ぼす不働態皮膜の安定度の影響

Effect of stability of passive film on resistance of rust staining of stainless steels

富士 浩行*; 青木 聡  ; 石井 知洋*; 酒井 潤一*

Fuji, Hiroyuki*; Aoki, So; Ishii, Tomohiro*; Sakai, Junichi*

本研究は発銹の前駆過程である不働態皮膜の破壊に着目し、耐発銹性に及ぼす不働態皮膜の安定度の影響を明らかにすることを目的とした。12ヶ月間大気曝露試験を行った。不働態皮膜の安定度を比較するために、酸性塩化物水溶液中において電位衰退曲線測定および定電位分極試験を行った。その結果、オーステナイトステンレス鋼はフェライトステンレス鋼と比較して高い発銹面積率を示した。この序列は鋼種間の孔食電位や表面に存在する介在物の密度の序列と一致しなかった。それに対して、ステンレス鋼の耐発銹性と不働態皮膜の安定度の序列は一致した。オーステナイトステンレス鋼の耐発銹性がフェライトステンレス鋼よりも劣る要因として、不働態皮膜が塩化物によって破壊されやすく、不働態皮膜の破壊に伴い形成されたミクロピットが発銹の起点となり、発銹部の密度を高めていることが考えられる。

This study focused on a breakdown of passive film which is followed by rust staining, and the objective of this study was to clarify the effect of stability of passive film on the resistance of rust staining of stainless steels. Atomospheric exposure test was carried out for 12 months. In order to compare the stability of passive film, measurements of potential-decay curves, and potentiostatic polarization tests were performed in acidic aqueous chloride solution. As a result, rust area of austenitic stainless steel was higher than that of ferritic stainless steel. This order didn't follow the orders of pitting potentials and densities of inclusions on surface between specimens. On the contrary, the order of the resistance of rust staining of stainless steels followed the order of the stability of passive film. One of the reasons why the resistance of rust staining of austenitic stainless steel was worse than that of ferritic stainless steel was seemed that chloride more easily broke passive film on the surface of austenitic stainless and formed micro pits which become initiations of rust staining and increase density of stains.

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