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Study of the screening survey using an ambient dose equivalent rate survey meter in criticality accidentsy

$$gamma$$線線量当量率サーベイメータを用いた臨界事故時におけるスクリーニング手法に関する研究

星 勝也 ; 辻村 憲雄   ; 吉田 忠義 ; 栗原 治*; Kim, E.*; 矢島 千秋*

Hoshi, Katsuya; Tsujimura, Norio; Yoshida, Tadayoshi; Kurihara, Osamu*; Kim, E.*; Yajima, Kazuaki*

When a criticality accident occurs, a screening survey to triage high-dose radiation exposed persons is performed. We have established a rapid method for the screening survey by measuring the $$gamma$$ dose rate mainly from $$^{24}$$Na on the victims' body surface with a conventional NaI(Tl) scintillation survey meter. In this study, a water-filled slab phantom containing NaCl was irradiated with neutrons from a $$^{252}$$Cf neutron source. The radioactivity concentration of $$^{24}$$Na produced in the phantom was determined by means of both $$gamma$$-ray spectrometry and simulations using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code. The ambient dose equivalent rates at the phantom's outer surface were simulated by the MCNP, and also were directly measured with a NaI(Tl) scintillation survey meter. From the experiments and calculations, we obtained the results that 1 Gy (neutron absorbed dose) corresponded to 18-76 $$mu$$Sv h$$^{-1}$$ (ambient dose equivalent rate) at the surface of the victim's body, which can be easily distinguished from normal background levels. Therefore, this method allows us to rapidly screen high-dose radiation exposed victims.

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