Observation of simultaneous oscillations of bunch shape and position caused by odd-harmonic beam loading in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex Rapid Cycling Synchrotron

Yamamoto, Masanobu; Nomura, Masahiro; Shimada, Taihei; Tamura, Fumihiko ; Hara, Keigo*; Hasegawa, Katsushi*; Omori, Chihiro*; Sugiyama, Yasuyuki*; Yoshii, Masahito*

Two proton bunches circulates the accelerator ring in the J-PARC 3GeV synchrotoron (RCS). The accelerating voltage is also generated in twice of the revolution frequency. The major Fourier component of the wake voltage should become even harmonics. However, the odd harmonics grow and cause a large number of beam loss. The beam measurement suggests that the odd harmonic wake voltages promote oscillations of not only the bunch position but also the bunch shape. The oscillations continue because they amplify the odd harmonic beam components. A particle tracking simulation can reproduce these simultaneous oscillations. It is found that the odd harmonic wake voltages lead to severe rf bucket distortion that results in beam loss. As a result, introducing a beam loading compensation system for the minor harmonics can prevent the beam loss and it would contribute the stable accelerator operation with the reduction of the activation.