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厚板鋼材のレーザー切断技術; 廃炉の時代の先端技術開発

Laser cutting technology of thick steel components; Advanced technology developed at the era of decommissioning

田村 浩司*; 遠山 伸一  

Tamura, Koji*; Toyama, Shinichi

原子炉廃止措置では、原子炉構造物の切断解体が必要とされる。従来の切断法に加え、レーザー法は遠隔制御性が高くブレードなどの交換部品の必要性がないなど利点が多く、有力な選択肢となり得る。原子炉は圧力容器など100mmを超える板厚の大きい鋼材で構成されており、このような厚板鋼材の切断に関してレーザー法は知見や実績に乏しい。そこで、近年利用が進んでいる高出力ファイバーレーザーを用い、鋼材切断を様々な条件で試行した結果、原子炉に用いられるような厚板に関してもレーザー切断が可能であることを実証した。また、廃炉現場の厚板鋼材切断に適用するためロボットを用いた遠隔制御を用いた切断の技術開発を行った。本稿ではその開発成果について解説する。

In decommissioning of nuclear reactors, it is necessary to disassemble the nuclear reactor structure. In addition to the conventional cutting method, the laser method has many advantages such as remote controllability and no need for replacement parts such as blades, which can be a powerful choice. Nuclear reactor structure such as a pressure vessel are made of steel materials with a thickness exceeding 100 mm, and the laser method has poor knowledge and experience in cutting such thick steel materials. Therefore, as a result of trial cutting of steel materials under various cutting conditions with the high power fiber laser which is progressively available nowadays, it has been demonstrated that laser cutting is also possible for thick plates such as those used in nuclear reactors, and cutting of thick steel plates. We also developed the cutting technology using remote control using a robot in order to apply it to the decommissioning of thick steel cutting on the spot.

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