Evaluation of the radiation protection capability in shelter facilities with positive pressure ventilation

陽圧化装置を備えた屋内退避施設の放射線防護能力の評価

石崎 梓  ; 中西 千佳*; 田窪 一也*; 宗像 雅広 

Ishizaki, Azusa; Nakanishi, Chika*; Takubo, Kazuya*; Munakata, Masahiro

In case of a nuclear facility accident, inhabitants living around the nuclear facility generally evacuate further area to prevent radiation exposure. However, people who are unable to move immediately from inhabited areas are supposed to evacuate in local sheltering facilities. Therefore, such facilities have to have enough radiation protection capability for inhabitant's evacuation by equipping a strong construction to shield radiation and a positive pressure ventilation equipment with radioactive materials removal filters to decrease internal exposure. In Japan, such facilities are selected among local public facilities and also these facilities are almost built with wood construction, steel construction and reinforced concrete structure. In addition, facility characteristic, such as floor area, window area, airtightness, positive ventilation performance and so on, are different. To select appropriate facilities to use as sheltering facilities, an evaluation method of radiation protection capability of each facility is necessary. In our study, we focused on air-ventilation and developed an evaluation method of radiation protection capability of internal exposure by inhalation in facilities with positive pressure ventilation equipment. Then, we evaluate radiation protection capabilities of some facilities with various characteristics under various climate conditions. To simulate inflow of radioactive materials, we constructed a compartment model and use computational fluid dynamics analysis. From our evaluation results, it was cleared the relationship between an outdoor wind velocity and a necessary differential pressure to keep positive pressure, and the relationship between internal exposure dose and airtightness.