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Formation and thermochemical properties of oxychlorides of niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta); Towards the gas-phase investigation of dubnium (Db) oxychloride

Chiera, N. M.; Sato, Tetsuya   ; Tomitsuka, Tomohiro; Asai, Masato  ; Suzuki, Hayato*; Tokoi, Katsuyuki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuaki  ; Nagame, Yuichiro 

The formation of NbOCl$$_3$$ and TaOCl$$_3$$ and their adsorption behavior on quartz surfaces was explored by applying an isothermal gas-chromatographic method. Trace amounts of short-lived Nb and Ta isotopes were used. Adsorption enthalpy values ($$Delta H_{rm ads}$$) at zero surface coverage of -$$Delta H_{rm ads}$$(NbOCl$$_3$$) = 102 $$pm$$ 4 kJ/mol and -$$Delta H_{rm ads}$$(TaOCl$$_3$$) = 128 $$pm$$ 5 kJ/mol were determined by analyzing the chromatographic behavior of the Nb andTa complexes with a Monte-Carlo simulation method based on an adsorption-desorption kinetic model.By applying an empirical correlation, the experimental $$Delta H_{rm ads}$$ values were successively related to the macroscopic standard sublimation enthalpy, $$Delta H^circ _{rm subl}$$, as a measure of the volatility of each substance. The inferred sublimation enthalpies are in agreement with tabulated thermochemical values. Thus, the linear empirical correlation between $$Delta H_{rm ads}$$ and $$Delta H^circ _{rm subl}$$ for metal-oxychlorides was updated with the inclusion of the present data. According to the predicted $$Delta H^circ _{rm subl}$$(DbOCl$$_3$$), a $$Delta H_{rm ads}$$(DbOCl$$_3$$) value of 135 $$pm$$ 2 kJ/mol was extrapolated. The future accomplishment of comparative studies with DbOCl$$_3$$ under the same experimental conditions will provide valuable information on the volatility trend in Group-5 elements, together with an indication on the magnitude of relativistic effects on the electronic structure of dubnium.

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