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Preparedness and response for nuclear or radiological emergency as a designated public corporation

原子力緊急時の指定公共機関としての備えと対応

奥野 浩  ; 岡本 明子; 海老根 典也 ; 早川 剛 ; 田中 忠夫 

Okuno, Hiroshi; Okamoto, Akiko; Ebine, Noriya; Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi; Tanaka, Tadao

原子力事故時や放射線の緊急事態の際には、災害対策基本法に基づく指定公共機関である日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)は、国及び地方公共団体を支援する役割を負っている。本論文では、(1)原子力施設の原子力事故時又は放射線緊急事態への準備及び対応のための指定公共機関としてのJAEAの役割を明らかにし、(2)2011年に発生した東京電力福島第一原子力発電所の制御不能に起因する敷地外の放射線緊急事態におけるJAEAの防災業務計画に基づく緊急時対応活動の概要、さらに(3)国の防災基本計画及び都道府県の地域防災計画を踏まえ、国及び地方公共団体が実施する訓練への参加を中心に平常時の活動を報告する。

In the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) as a designated public corporation assigned in the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act of Japan undertakes a role to support the national government and local governments. This paper (1) illuminates the roles of the JAEA as a designated public corporation for preparedness and response to a nuclear or radiological emergency of nuclear facilities; (2) summarizes emergency response activities of the JAEA in accordance with its Disaster Management Operation Plan against the off-site radiological emergencies attributed to a loss of control of the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)'s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station that occurred in 2011; and (3) reports its activities in normal times especially participation in the drills organized by the national government and local governments in the light of the Basic Disaster Management Plan of Japan and Local Disaster Management Plans of prefectural governments, respectively.

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