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基礎から分かる未臨界,4; 臨界安全と未臨界

Subcriticality-from basics to apprications, 4; Criticality safety and subcriticality

山根 祐一 

Yamane, Yuichi

核燃料物質を取り扱う施設特有のリスクに対して「安全」を保つための考え方や技術が「臨界安全」である。臨界安全において第一に重要なことは未臨界を保つことであり、その要点は未臨界である条件を明白にしてそれを守ることにある。そのために中性子の漏れや吸収の効果を利用して臨界安全管理を行う。リスクの評価精度向上の観点から体系の不均一さと未臨界条件との関係について今後の検討が期待される。

The combination of philosophy and technology to keep safety against the risk specific to the facility containing nuclear fuel materials is criticality safety. The first target of criticality safety is to keep subcriticality. Its essence is to make the subcriticality condition clear and to keep that condition. Criticality safety control utilizes the leak and absorption of neutrons. From the view point of the improvement of risk assessment, it is expected to study the relation between inhomogeniety and subcriticality condition.

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