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Ice I$$_{rm c}$$ without stacking disorder by evacuating hydrogen from hydrogen hydrate

Komatsu, Kazuki*; Machida, Shinichi*; Noritake, Fumiya*; Hattori, Takanori   ; Sano, Asami   ; Yamane, Ryo*; Yamashita, Keishiro*; Kagi, Hiroyuki*

Water freezes below 0$$^{circ}$$C at ambient pressure ordinarily to ice I$$_{rm h}$$, with hexagonal stacking sequence. Under certain conditions, ice with a cubic stacking sequence can also be formed, but ideal ice I$$_{rm c}$$ without stacking-disorder has never been formed until recently. Here we demonstrate a route to obtain ice I$$_{rm c}$$ without stacking-disorder by degassing hydrogen from the high-pressure form of hydrogen hydrate, C$$_{2}$$, which has a host framework isostructural with ice I$$_{rm c}$$. The stacking-disorder free ice I$$_{rm c}$$ is formed from C$$_{2}$$ via an intermediate amorphous or nano-crystalline form under decompression, unlike the direct transformations occurring in ice XVI from neon hydrate, or ice XVII from hydrogen hydrate. The obtained ice I$$_{rm c}$$ shows remarkable thermal stability, until the phase transition to ice I$$_{rm h}$$ at 250 K, originating from the lack of dislocations. This discovery of ideal ice I$$_{rm c}$$ will promote understanding of the role of stacking-disorder on the physical properties of ice as a counter end-member of ice I$$_{rm h}$$.

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Category:Multidisciplinary Sciences

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